Mechanism of Mechanics.

A 3 3 Kg uniform rod rotates in a vertical plane about a smooth pivot at B B . A spring of constant K = 300 K=300 N/m and of unstretched length 100 100 mm is attached to The rod as shown .Knowing that in the position shown the rod has an angular velocity of 4 4 rad/s clockwise,determine the angular velocity of The rod after it has rotated through 9 0 ° 90^° .


Take g = 10 g=10 m/s^2


The answer is 6.182.

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1 solution

Arjen Vreugdenhil
Oct 24, 2015

Use conservation of energy: Δ K + Δ U g + Δ U s = 0. \Delta K + \Delta U_g + \Delta U_s = 0. First, for the kinetic energy term, consider the rotation of the rod about its CM and the motion of the CM. The CM is located d = 450 / 2 150 = 75 d = 450/2 - 150 = 75 mm to the left of the pivot. K = K r o t + K t r = 1 2 I ω 2 + 1 2 m v C M 2 = 1 2 m ( 1 12 2 + 1 2 d 2 ) ω 2 = 0.03375 ω 2 ; K = K_{rot} + K_{tr} = \tfrac12I\omega^2 + \tfrac12mv_{CM}^2 \\ = \tfrac12m(\tfrac1{12}\ell^2 + \tfrac12d^2)\omega^2 = 0.03375\ \omega^2; The gravitational potential energy increases because the CM is raised vertically over a distance d d : Δ U g = m g d = 2.25 J . \Delta U_g = mgd = 2.25\ \text{J}. The spring was first stretched and ends up compressed. In the initial situation, the length of the spring is 15 0 2 + 20 0 2 = 250 \sqrt{150^2 + 200^2} = 250 mm; in the final situation, 200 150 = 50 200 - 150 = 50 mm. Thus Δ U s = 1 2 k Δ u 2 = 150 ( ( 50 100 ) 2 ( 250 100 ) 2 ) = 3.00 J . \Delta U_s = \tfrac12 k \Delta u^2 = 150\left((50-100)^2 - (250-100)^2\right) = -3.00\ \text{J}. Thus we have 0.03375 ( ω 2 ω 0 2 ) + 2.25 3.00 = 0 , ω 2 = ω 0 2 + 0.75 0.03375 , ω = 4 2 + 22.222 = 6.18241 rad/s . 0.03375\ (\omega'^2-\omega_0^2) + 2.25 - 3.00 = 0, \\ \omega'^2 = \omega_0^2 + \frac{0.75}{0.03375}, \\ \omega' = \sqrt{4^2 + 22.222} = \boxed{6.18241}\ \text{rad/s}.

yes, but doesn't that assume that the C.O.M isn't directly over the pivot? I thought it was. The picture is misleading.

William G. - 4 years ago

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In the picture the left side of the rod is slightly longer than the right side, but not by much. However, the numbers 450 mm and 150 mm are clearly given, so that should not really be a problem.

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 4 years ago

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@Arjen Vreugdenhil Yeah, the discrepancy of the lengths threw me off.

William G. - 4 years ago

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