If x > 0 and y > 0 , what is the minimum value of ( 2 x + y 1 ) ( 2 y + x 1 ) ?
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Let's break precedence and use calculus here. Let z = x y ( z ∈ R + ) such that f ( z ) = 4 z + 4 + z 1 . Setting the first derivative equal to zero gives f ′ ( z ) = 4 − z 2 1 = 0 ⇒ z 2 = 4 1 ⇒ z = ± 2 1 . Since we require z > 0 we only admit the positive root. Evaluating the second derivative at z = 2 1 produces f ′ ′ ( 2 1 ) = ( 1 / 2 ) 3 2 = 1 6 > 0 , hence a global minimum over z ∈ R + . Our required minimum value is just f ( 2 1 ) = 4 ( 2 1 ) + 4 + 2 = 8 .
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Opening brackets,
4 + 4 x y + x y 1
Using AM-GM inequality,
2 4 x y + x y 1 ≥ 4
Thus,
4 x y + x y 1 ≥ 4
Hence,
the minimum value is 4 + 4 = 8