Min of Product with Fraction

Algebra Level 3

If x > 0 x > 0 and y > 0 y > 0 , what is the minimum value of ( 2 x + 1 y ) ( 2 y + 1 x ) ? \left( 2 x + \frac{1}{y} \right) \left( 2 y + \frac{1}{x} \right) ?

8 8 10 10 6 6 12 12

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2 solutions

Anish Puthuraya
Feb 10, 2014

Opening brackets,
4 + 4 x y + 1 x y \displaystyle 4 + 4xy + \frac{1}{xy}

Using AM-GM inequality,
4 x y + 1 x y 2 4 \displaystyle \frac{4xy+\frac{1}{xy}}{2} \geq \sqrt{4}

Thus,
4 x y + 1 x y 4 \displaystyle 4xy + \frac{1}{xy} \geq 4

Hence,
the minimum value is 4 + 4 = 8 \displaystyle 4 + 4 = \boxed{8}

Tom Engelsman
Nov 8, 2020

Let's break precedence and use calculus here. Let z = x y z = xy ( z R + z \in \mathbb{R^{+}} ) such that f ( z ) = 4 z + 4 + 1 z f(z) = 4z + 4 + \frac{1}{z} . Setting the first derivative equal to zero gives f ( z ) = 4 1 z 2 = 0 z 2 = 1 4 z = ± 1 2 f'(z) = 4 - \frac{1}{z^2} = 0 \Rightarrow z^2 = \frac{1}{4} \Rightarrow z = \pm \frac{1}{2} . Since we require z > 0 z > 0 we only admit the positive root. Evaluating the second derivative at z = 1 2 z = \frac{1}{2} produces f ( 1 2 ) = 2 ( 1 / 2 ) 3 = 16 > 0 f''(\frac{1}{2}) = \frac{2}{(1/2)^3} = 16 > 0 , hence a global minimum over z R + . z \in \mathbb{R^{+}}. Our required minimum value is just f ( 1 2 ) = 4 ( 1 2 ) + 4 + 2 = 8 . f(\frac{1}{2}) = 4(\frac{1}{2}) + 4 + 2 = \boxed{8}.

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