Let a > 0 be a real number. It is known that the following equation in x has a real root:
x 6 + 3 a x 5 + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) x 4 + 6 a x 3 + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) x 2 + 3 a x + 1 + ( a x ) 3 = 0 .
Find the minimum possible value of 1 0 0 0 a .
This problem is part of the set ... and polynomials
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This problem is great. I thought about it for a day!
Why is that equation 'her' and not 'him'? Lol! Was kidding! I have edited your solution for LaTeX. Check it once for accuracy. Thanks
We have:
x 6 + 3 a x 5 + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) x 4 + 6 a x 3 + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) x 2 + 3 a x + 1 + ( a x ) 3 = 0
⇔ ( x 2 + a x + 1 ) 3 = 0
⇔ x 2 + a x + 1 = 0
This equation has a real root if and only if Δ = a 2 − 4 ≥ 0 or a ≥ 2 , since a > 0 .
So, the minimum value of 1 0 0 0 a is 2 0 0 0 .
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This equation is symmetric so we can divide her by x 3 ( x = 0 ) so we get x 3 + 1 / x 3 + 3 a ( x 2 + 1 / x 2 ) + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) ( x + 1 / x ) + 6 a + a 3 = 0
and now replace t = x + 1 / x ,so t 2 − 2 = x 2 + 1 / x 2 and t 3 − 3 t = x 3 + 1 / x 3
Now we have that t 3 − 3 t + 3 a ( t 2 − 2 ) + ( 3 a 2 + 3 ) t + 6 a + a 3 = 0
So, t 3 + 3 a t 2 + 3 a 2 t + a 3 = 0 i . e . ( t + a ) 3 = 0 so t = − a is triple solution. Now we have x + 1 / x = − a ,so x 2 + a x + 1 = 0 and that means that a 2 − 4 ≥ 0 (discriminant ≥ 0 for real solutions), so min a = 2 .That means 1 0 0 0 a = 2 0 0 0