Natural numbers a , b , and c are such that ( a − b ) ( b − c ) ( c − a ) = a + b + c . Find the minimum of a + b + c .
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
I’m afraid those values of a , b and c aren’t quite right. We should have a = 2 1 , b = 1 5 , c = 1 8 .
Pigeonhole ⟹ one of ( a − b ) , ( b − c ) , ( c − a ) is even.
Let x = a − b y = b − c
Then c − a = − ( x + y ) ⟹ ( a − b ) ( b − c ) ( c − a ) = − x 2 y − y 2 x a + b + c = x + 2 y + 3 c
− x 2 − y 2 x ≡ x − y ( m o d 3 ) either x 2 ≡ 0 ( m o d 3 ) or x 2 ≡ 1 ( m o d 3 )
If x 2 ≡ 1 ( m o d 3 ) then − y − y 2 x ≡ x − y ⟹ y 2 ≡ − 1 ( m o d 3 ) i m p o s s i b l e
So 3 ∣ x ⟹ 3 ∣ y ∴ 3 ∣ ( x + y ) ⟹ 3 3 ∣ x y ( − x − y ) which is even so the minimum is 2 × 2 7 = 5 4
Which happens when? Can u show the values at which equality takes place?
Log in to reply
a = 2 1 , b = 1 5 , c = 1 8
Log in to reply
Actually, I assumed that WLOG, let a ≥ b ≥ c which makes L.H.S negative. But here we cannot assume that.... this was my mistake. Thanks.
Problem Loading...
Note Loading...
Set Loading...
Since a, b and c are natural multiplication on the left is positive and is not zero. That means there are two negative multipliers, so let a < b < c.
Let b - a = x, c - b = y, where x and y are natural. Then c - a = x + y. Accordingly a = c - x - y, b = c - x:
x * y * (x + y) = (c - x - y) + (c - x) + c = a + b + c
x * y * (x + y) = 3c - 2x - y= a + b + c
Meaning : 3c = x * y * (x + y) + 2x + y. This expression must be divisible by 3 while it can only be when x and y are both divisible by 3.
Since we know that a + b + c = x * y * (x + y), that means the minimum is reached at minimal x and y values: x = 3, y = 3
then a = 15, b = 18, c = 21 and a + b + c = 54