Minimization inequality problem

Algebra Level 4

What is the minimal value of 2 a + 4 b + 1 6 c 2^a+4^b+ 16^c for all a , b , c R a, b, c\in \mathbb{R} such that a + b + c = 7 ? a+b+c=7?

Important: The answer must be rounded to the nearest thousandth. Input -1 if the answer cannot be found with the given information.


The answer is 41.608.

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1 solution

Riad Darwish
May 9, 2021

We have that : 2 a + 4 b + 1 6 c = 2 a + 2 2 b + 2 4 c = 2 a + 1 2 2 2 b + 1 + 1 4 2 4 c + 2 . 2^a + 4^b + 16^c = 2^a + 2^{2b} + 2^{4c} = 2^a + \frac{1}{2} \cdot 2^{2b+1} + \frac{1}{4} \cdot 2^{4c+2}. In order to use Jensen's inequality (since the function x 2 x x\longmapsto 2^x is convex), the sum of the coefficients must be equal to 1. Thus we write : 2 a + 4 b + 1 6 c = 7 4 ( 4 7 2 a + 2 7 2 2 b + 1 + 1 7 2 4 c + 2 ) 2^a+4^b+16^c = \frac{7}{4} \cdot \left( \frac{4}{7} \cdot 2^a + \frac{2}{7} \cdot 2^{2b+1} + \frac{1}{7} \cdot 2^{4c+2} \right) Jensen gives us : 2 a + 4 b + 1 6 c 7 4 2 4 7 a + 2 7 ( 2 b + 1 ) + 1 7 ( 4 c + 2 ) = 7 4 2 4 7 ( a + b + c + 1 ) = 7 4 2 32 7 = 7 2 18 7 2^a+4^b+16^c \geq \frac{7}{4}\cdot 2^{\frac{4}{7} \cdot a + \frac{2}{7} \cdot (2b+1) + \frac{1}{7} \cdot (4c+2)} = \frac{7}{4} \cdot 2^{\frac{4}{7}(a+b+c+1)} = \frac{7}{4} \cdot 2^\frac{32}{7} = 7 \cdot 2^{\frac{18}{7}}

Equality holds if and only if a = 2 b + 1 = 4 c + 2 a = 2b+1 = 4c+2 which is clearly possible knowing that a + b + c = 7 a+b+c=7

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