Three weightless rods of length each are hinged at point and lying on the same horizontal and joint through hinges at points and (shown below). The length . A load of mass is suspended at hinge .
Determine the minimum force applied to the hinge for which the middle rod remains horizontal.
If can be described as , determine
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First of all we need to understand that for the middle rod to be horizontal the only way is that which is shown in the figure. For any other case it won't be horizontal (as the supports are rods and not strings and hence can't be compressed.)
Now, let us assume that the force F is acted on hinge D making an angle x with the horizontal. T 1 , T 2 and T 3 are the tensions in rod A C , C D and D B respectively.
Now, from vertical equilibrium of hinge C , we have,
T 1 2 3 = m g . . . . . . . ( i )
From horizontal equilibrium of hinge C , we have,
2 1 T 1 = T 2 . . . . . . . ( i i )
Again, from horizontal equilibrium of hinge D , we have,
2 1 T 3 + F cos x = T 2 . . . . . . . ( i i i )
Finally, from vertical equilibrium of hinge D , we have,
F sin x = T 3 2 3 . . . . . . . ( i v )
Solving the above equations we get, F = sin x + 3 cos x m g
Now, for minimum F , the denominator i.e. ( sin x + 3 cos x ) should be maximum i.e. 2 .
Therefore, we have, F = 2 m g
Hence, k = 2 . 0 0