The area and perimeter of a triangle is 1 and 5 respectively.
Suppose its side lengths is and where .
Let be the maximum of . Find the value of where denotes the floor function .
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By the perimeter equation, P = a + b + c = 5 , and by Heron's area formula, A = s ( s − a ) ( s − b ) ( s − c ) = 1 .
Using s = 2 1 P = 2 5 and combining equations gives 2 5 ( 2 5 − b ) ( 2 5 − c ) ( b + c − 2 5 ) = 1 , which rearranges to 4 0 b 2 c − 1 0 0 b 2 + 4 0 b c 2 − 3 0 0 b c + 5 0 0 b − 1 0 0 c 2 + 5 0 0 c − 6 4 1 = 0 .
By implicit differentiation, 8 0 b c + 4 0 b 2 d b d c − 2 0 0 b + 4 0 c 2 + 8 0 b c d b d c − 3 0 0 c − 3 0 0 b d b d c + 5 0 0 − 2 0 0 c d b d c + 5 0 0 d b d c = 0 . Since the maximum c occurs when d b d c = 0 , this equation simplifies to 8 b c − 2 0 b + 4 c 2 − 3 0 c + 5 0 = 0 .
The two equations numerically solve to ( b , c ) ≈ ( 1 . 4 2 2 1 5 , 2 . 1 5 5 6 9 ) or ( b , c ) ≈ ( 1 . 9 7 4 6 5 , 1 . 0 5 0 7 1 ) , and c ≈ 2 . 1 5 5 6 9 is the maximum of the two.
Therefore, ⌊ 1 0 0 0 0 M ⌋ = 2 1 5 5 6 .