Missing Radius

Geometry Level 3

If the radius of the circle shown in the figure is R R , find the value of R \lfloor R \rfloor .

To clarify: The sum of areas of the two yellow squares is 2021.


The answer is 50.

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3 solutions

David Vreken
Dec 22, 2020

Label the diagram as follows:

Let the sides of each square be s = C D = B C s = CD = BC . Since A C D \triangle ACD is a right isosceles triangle, A C = s 2 AC = \frac{s}{\sqrt{2}} .

By the law of cosines on A B C \triangle ABC , A B 2 = B C 2 + A C 2 2 B C A C cos 135 ° AB^2 = BC^2 + AC^2 - 2 \cdot BC \cdot AC \cdot \cos 135° , or R 2 = s 2 + ( s 2 ) 2 2 s s 2 ( 1 2 ) R^2 = s^2 + (\frac{s}{\sqrt{2}})^2 - 2 \cdot s \cdot \frac{s}{\sqrt{2}} \cdot (-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}) , or R = 5 4 2 s 2 R = \sqrt{\frac{5}{4} \cdot 2 s^2} .

Since the area of both square is 2021 2021 , 2 s 2 = 2021 2s^2 = 2021 , so R = 5 4 2021 = 50 \lfloor R \rfloor = \lfloor \sqrt{\frac{5}{4} \cdot 2021} \rfloor = \boxed{50} .

Following the labelling of the figure, denote O D OD and C D CD by x x and s s respectively.
Obviously, the two squares are congruent, since C D G \triangle CDG is isosceles, thus s 2 = 2021 2 {{s}^{2}}=\dfrac{2021}{2} .
By Pythagoras’s theorem on right triangles O C D \triangle OCD , C D E \triangle CDE we have 2 x 2 = s 2 and C E 2 = 2 s 2 2{{x}^{2}}={{s}^{2}}\text{ and }C{{E}^{2}}=2{{s}^{2}} Moreover, A E B \triangle AEB is a right triangle as well and C E CE is its height on the hypotenuse, thus

C E 2 = C A C B 2 s 2 = ( R x ) ( R + x ) 2 s 2 = R 2 x 2 R 2 = 2 s 2 + s 2 2 R 2 = 5 2 s 2 R 2 = 5 2 2021 2 R = 10105 2 50.26 \begin{aligned} C{{E}^{2}}=CA\cdot CB & \Rightarrow 2{{s}^{2}}=\left( R-x \right)\cdot \left( R+x \right) \\ & \Rightarrow 2{{s}^{2}}={{R}^{2}}-{{x}^{2}} \\ & \Rightarrow {{R}^{2}}=2{{s}^{2}}+\frac{{{s}^{2}}}{2} \\ & \Rightarrow {{R}^{2}}=\frac{5}{2}{{s}^{2}} \\ & \Rightarrow {{R}^{2}}=\frac{5}{2}\cdot \frac{2021}{2} \\ & \Rightarrow R=\frac{\sqrt{10105}}{2}\approx \text{50}\text{.26} \\ \end{aligned} For the answer, R = 50 \left\lfloor R \right\rfloor =\boxed{50} .

Hongqi Wang
Dec 22, 2020

Let the side of square is a a :

a = 2021 2 R = ( a 2 ) 2 + ( 2 a ) 2 = 5 2 a = 5 2 2021 2 50.26 R = 50 \begin{aligned} a &= \sqrt {\dfrac {2021}{2}} \\ R &= \sqrt {\left (\dfrac {a}{\sqrt 2} \right )^2 + (\sqrt 2 a)^2} = \dfrac{\sqrt 5}{\sqrt 2} a \\ &= \dfrac{\sqrt 5}{\sqrt 2} \sqrt {\dfrac {2021}{2}} \approx 50.26 \\ \therefore \lfloor R \rfloor &= 50 \end{aligned}

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