Mix of Z and |Z| - Part 2

Algebra Level 3

The quantity Z Z is a complex number which satisfies the following:

Z 3 + Z 2 + Z = 0 Z = a + j b a > 0 b > 0 Z^3 + |Z|^2 + Z = 0 \\ Z = a + j b \\ a > 0 \\ b > 0

What is a + b a + b ?

Details and Assumptions:

  • j = 1 j = \sqrt{-1}
  • |\cdot| denotes the magnitude of a complex number


The answer is 1.82288.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jul 23, 2019

Z 3 + Z 2 + Z = 0 Z 3 + Z Z ˉ + Z = 0 where z ˉ is the conjugate of z . Z ( Z 2 + Z ˉ + 1 ) = 0 Since Z = a + j b 0 , Z 2 + Z ˉ + 1 = 0 a 2 b 2 + j 2 a b + a j b + 1 = 0 \begin{aligned} Z^3 + |Z|^2 + Z & = 0 \\ Z^3 + Z\bar Z + Z & = 0 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{where }\bar z \text{ is the conjugate of }z. \\ Z\left(Z^2 + \bar Z + 1\right) & = 0 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Since }Z = a + jb \ne 0, \\ Z^2 + \bar Z + 1 & = 0 \\ a^2 - b^2 + j2ab + a - jb + 1 & = 0 \end{aligned}

Equating the real and imaginary parts on both sides:

{ a 2 b 2 + a + 1 = 0 . . . ( 1 ) 2 a b b = 0 . . . ( 2 ) \begin{cases} a^2 - b^2 + a + 1 = 0 & ...(1) \\ 2ab - b = 0 & ...(2) \end{cases}

From ( 2 ) : 2 a b b = b ( 2 a 1 ) = 0 (2): \ 2ab - b = b(2a-1) = 0 , since b 0 b \ne 0 , a = 1 2 \implies a = \dfrac 12 . From ( 1 ) : 1 4 b 2 + 1 2 + 1 = 0 (1): \ \frac 14 - b^2 + \frac 12 + 1 = 0 , b = 7 2 \implies b = \dfrac {\sqrt 7}2 . Therefore a + b = 1 + 7 2 1.823 a + b = \dfrac {1+\sqrt 7}2 \approx \boxed{1.823} .

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