Let be a positive integer and .
Let be a pyramid whose base is a regular .
Find the angle of inclination(in degrees) made between the slant height and the base which minimizes the lateral surface area of the pyramid above when the volume is held constant.
My reason for posting this problem is to show the desired angle is independent of .
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The desired angle is independent of n and the work below verifies this.
For area of n − g o n :
Let B C = x be a side of the n − g o n , A C = A B = r , A D = h ∗ , and ∠ B A D = n 1 8 0 .
2 x = r sin ( n 1 8 0 ) ⟹ r = 2 sin ( n 1 8 0 ) x ⟹ h ∗ = 2 x cot ( n 1 8 0 ) ⟹ A △ A B C = 4 1 cot ( n 1 8 0 ) x 2 ⟹
A n − g o n = 4 n cot ( n 1 8 0 ) x 2 ⟹ the Volume of the pyramid V p = 1 2 n cot ( n 1 8 0 ) x 2 H
Let A C = H be the height of the pyramid, B C = h ∗ , and A B = h ′ be the slant height of the pyramid and m ∠ C B A = θ
The lateral surface area S = 2 n x h ′ .
h ∗ = 2 x cot ( n 1 8 0 ) = h ′ cos ( θ ) ⟹ x = 2 tan ( n 1 8 0 ) cos ( θ ) h ′ and H = h ′ sin ( θ ) and letting u ( n ) = tan ( n 1 8 0 ) ⟹ V p = 3 n u ( n ) cos 2 ( θ ) sin ( θ ) h ′ 3 = K and S = n ∗ u ( n ) c o s ( θ ) h ′ 2 .
V p = 3 n u ( n ) cos 2 ( θ ) sin ( θ ) h ′ 3 = K ⟹ h ′ = ( n ∗ u ( n ) c o s 2 ( θ ) s i n ( θ ) 3 K ) 3 1 ⟹ S ( θ ) = j ( n ) ∗ ( s e c ( θ ) ) 3 1 ( c s c ( θ ) ) 3 2 , where j ( n ) = ( 9 k 2 n ∗ u ( n ) ) 3 1
⟹ d θ d S = 3 j ( n ) ( s e c θ ) 3 1 ( csc θ ) 3 2 ∗ ( tan θ − 2 cot θ ) = 0 ⟹
3 sin 2 θ − 2 = 0 ⟹ sin θ = ± 3 2 . choosing sin θ = 3 2 ⟹ θ = 5 4 . 7 3 5 6 ∘
∴ The measure of the desired angle θ is independent of n .