How many positive integers are there, less than , when divided by , give a remainder of , and when divided by , give a remainder of ?
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If a ≡ 4 m o d 7 and a ≡ 9 m o d 1 1
Then a = 1 1 k + 9 for any integer k, looking at ( 1 1 k + 9 ) m o d 7 = 4 leads to the L.H.S. to cycle {2,6,3,0,4,1,5} for k={0,1,2,3,4,5,6} thus ( 1 1 k + 9 ) m o d 7 = 4 ⇒ k = 4 + 1 1 l c m ( 7 , 1 1 ) ℓ ∀ ℓ ∈ N with smallest natural number a = 1 1 ⋅ 4 + 9 = 5 3 . l c m ( 7 , 1 1 ) = 7 7 since 7 and 11 are coprime. Thus a = 5 3 + 7 7 m ∀ m ∈ N
0 < a < 1 0 0 0 ⇒ 0 + 7 7 ⋅ 0 < 5 3 + 7 7 m < 7 6 + 7 7 ⋅ 1 2 ⇒ 0 ≤ m ≤ 1 2
which is 1 2 − 0 + 1 = 1 3 solutions.