A beaker contains a of a mixture of pure nitric acid and sulphuric acid. aqueous solution of calcium hydroxide having mass and density is required to completely neutralise this mixture, then find the percentage composition of sulphuric acid in the mixture.
Round your answer to the nearest integer.
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Let the amount of nitric acid in the mixture be a grams and the amount of sulphuric acid in the mixture be b grams.
Then milliequivalence of calcium hydroxide used is equal to the total milliequivalence of the contents of the mixture.
Milliequivalence of H N O 3 = 1 6 3 a × 1 0 0 0 = 6 3 1 0 0 0 a
Milliequivalence of H 2 S O 4 = 2 9 8 b × 1 0 0 0 = 4 9 1 0 0 0 a
Milliequivalence of C a ( O H ) 2 = 0 . 3 5 . 6 × 2 . 8 = 5 2 . 2 7
Therefore, 6 3 1 0 0 0 a + 4 9 1 0 0 0 b = 5 2 . 2 7 4 4 1 7 0 0 0 a + 9 0 0 0 b = 5 2 . 2 7 7 0 0 0 a + 9 0 0 0 b = 2 3 0 5 1 . 5 7 ⟶ 1
Now, we know that the total volume of the mixture is 2 . 7 g, so:-
a + b = 2 . 7 ⟶ 2
Multiplying 2 by 7 0 0 0 , we get:-
7 0 0 0 a + 7 0 0 0 b = 1 8 9 0 0 ⟶ 3
Subtracting 3 from 1 , we get:-
2 0 0 0 b = 4 1 5 1 . 0 7 b = 2 . 0 8
So, % composition of sulphuric acid in mixture = 2 . 7 2 . 0 8 × 1 0 0 = 7 7 . 0 4 ≈ 7 7 % .
NOTE :-
There are two formulas for calculating milliequivalence.
1) molecular weight given weight × n-factor × 1 0 0
2) Normality × Volume = Normality × Density Mass
I have used the former method for the calculation of milliequivalence of the contents of the mixture because normality was not mentioned. Whereas I have used the latter method in calculation of the milliequivalence of calcium hydroxide because that it easier when normality of the solution is mentioned.