My favorite 3 concepts in 5 problems!

Here it is again! You know the drill! If not, try out the Super Bowl Question .

Or hear the quote:

Directions are to solve five problems, and enter in the answer in the box like a 1 a 2 a 3 a 4 a 5 a_1a_2a_3a_4a_5 , where as the subscript number is the problem number. (eg. if final result is 54321, then answer to first problem is 5, second is 4, etc.) So let's begin! Note that not all answers are single digit answers.

1 [EASY]) What is le 200 0 2 199 9 2 2000^2 - 1999^2 ? (yeah I know its on FTW)

2 [EASY]) Find the sum of the first 100 positive integers.

3 [Meh]) Find the sum of the first 200 positive integers.

4 [Heh?]) Expanding the expression ( a + b ) 4 (a+b)^4 will give you many terms, including the term a 3 b 1 a^3b^1 . What is the coefficient of the term?

5 [...]) Assume N N is the coefficient of the term a 5 b 2 a^5b^2 from the expanded expression ( a + b ) 7 (a+b)^7 . Assume M M is ( N ) 2 ( N 1 ) 2 (N)^2 - (N-1)^2 . Find the sum of the first M positive integers.


The answer is 39995050201004861.

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1 solution

Kevin Mo
Feb 27, 2014

I don't like deleting backslahes...

Solve each problem one by one...

1) Note that you can factor two perfect squares like (a+b)(a-b) from the form a 2 b 2 a^2-b^2 . So if we do this, we get (3999)(1), equaling 3999 \boxed{3999}

2) Remember Gauss? Yep, he did this problem. For those who don't understand how Gauss as a little child did it so fast, he figured out:

1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 98 + 99 + 100 1+2+3+...+98+99+100

Made pairs so that

1 + 100 = 101 , 2 + 99 = 101 , 3 + 98 = 101 , . . . . 1+100 = 101, 2+99 = 101, 3+98 = 101,....

Since there are 50 pairs like this, we get 50 101 50 \cdot 101 , which equates to 5050 \boxed{5050} .

3) Do what Gauss did again. This time, the pairs equate to 201, and there are 100 of them. Thus, 100 201 100 \cdot 201 = the answer, 20100 \boxed{20100}

4) Remember Binomial Theorem! ( 4 3 ) \binom{4}{3} will give you the coefficient of the term, which equals to 4 ! 3 ! \frac{4!}{3!} = 4 \boxed{4}

5) Now here, I smashed all my favorite concepts into one little problem. Again:

Remember Binomial Theorem!

Again, ( 7 5 ) \binom{7}{5} gives you 7 ! 5 ! 2 ! \frac{7!}{5!2!} , which gives 7 6 2 \frac{7\cdot6}{2} , making N equal to 21 21 .

Factor the squares. 2 1 2 2 0 2 = ( 21 20 ) ( 21 + 20 ) = 41 1 21^2-20^2 = (21-20)(21+20) = 41 \cdot 1 as M. Now that M equals 41, we are asked to find the first 41 positive integers.

I like to have an even number of positive integers. (how can you have 20.5 pairs of integers?) so lets find the first 40 positive integers and add 41 to it. Now we have the pairs equating to 41 (oh wow) and there are 20 of them. 41 20 = 820 41\cdot20 = 820 . Adding 41 to it should give you 861 \boxed{861}

Now, we (as Raj Magesh said, and I can't say it any better):

Concatenating the answers, we get:

Now so, concatenating the answers, we get 39995050201004861 \boxed{39995050201004861}

What is up with those extra backslashes? They're so weird and annoying!!

Finn Hulse - 7 years, 3 months ago

I don't know, it somehow appeared..

I had to spend half an hour trying to delete them. Thank you though. @Finn Hulse

Kevin Mo - 7 years, 3 months ago

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Dude, I feel you. It's so annoying! @Silas Hundt

Finn Hulse - 7 years, 3 months ago

aw, I did ( 4 2 ) \binom{4}{2} instead of ( 4 1 ) \binom{4}{1} for question 4 and the same mistake for question 5

Daniel Lim - 7 years, 3 months ago

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It's ok... As long as you caught your mistake.

Kevin Mo - 7 years, 3 months ago

But the answer to Q4 should be zero as there is no term a^3*b in the expansion of the expression (x+y)^4! Didn't anybody notice that??

Sarthak Tanwani - 7 years, 2 months ago

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Corrected @Sarthak Tanwani . Thanks for noticing!

Kevin Mo - 7 years ago

This was too easy.

Nikola Alfredi - 1 year, 3 months ago

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