Mysterious Angle Relation

Geometry Level 5

Let A B C D ABCD be a trapezoid with A B D C AB\parallel DC such that D A C = 5 0 , D B C = 6 0 \angle DAC=50^{\circ}, \angle DBC=60^{\circ} . Suppose A C D B = E AC\cap DB=E , then denote G , F G,F the projections from E E onto A D , B C AD,BC , M M is the midpoint of G F GF .

If O O is the circumcenter of D E C \triangle DEC , find M E O \angle MEO in degrees.


The answer is 170.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

Xuming Liang
Sep 12, 2015

I will take you through how this problem was created in detail. First, I will reveal the hidden configuration:

Construct the circumcenters of A E D , B E C \triangle AED, \triangle BEC and denote them O 1 , O 2 O_1,O_2 respectively.

First, we claim that E O EO bisects O 1 O 2 O_1O_2 .

To prove this, I will construct one more point for convenience, the circumcenter O 3 O_3 of A B E ABE . Clearly O O 1 O 3 O 2 OO_1O_3O_2 is a parallelogram, so it now suffices to prove F O O 3 F\in OO_3 , which is also immediate from the fact that A E B , C E D AEB, CED are homothetic through E E .

Next, we show that E O 1 O 2 , E F G EO_1O_2, EFG are directly similar (This means the angle formed by rotating counterclockwise E O 1 \overline {EO_1} to E O 2 \overline {EO_2} and E F \overline {EF} to E G \overline {EG} is the same, or ( E F , G E ) = E O 1 , E O 2 \angle (EF,GE)=\angle EO_1,EO_2 in directed angle notation), which is equivalent to the two triangles can be mapped to each other by a spiral similarity transformation.

Note that E G , E O 1 EG,EO_1 are isogonals wrt A E D \angle AED and likewise E F , E O 2 EF,EO_2 are isogonals wrt B E C \angle BEC . Therefore G E F = O 1 E O 2 \angle GEF=\angle O_1EO_2 .

We now show that E F E G = A D B C = E O 1 E O 2 \frac {EF}{EG}=\frac {AD}{BC}=\frac {EO_1}{EO_2} . The front half of this equality can be proven using the fact taht A E D , B E C AED,BEC have the same area. The second half can be done by proving either A D O 1 B C O 2 ADO_1\sim BCO_2 or extended sine rule.

Hence E O 1 O 2 E F G EO_1O_2\sim EFG . To avoid introducing new concepts, we can conclude without rigor their directness visually with a diagram. Since N , M N,M are two corresponding points in their spiral similarity, by the properties of the transformation:

M E N = F E O 1 = 180 D E O 1 B E F = 180 D A C D B C = 17 0 \angle MEN=\angle FEO_1=180-|\angle DEO_1-\angle BEF|=180-|\angle DAC-\angle DBC|=\boxed {170^{\circ}}

@Xuming Liang This can produce a simpler solution: Let A D B C P AD \cap BC \equiv P and Q , R Q, R be the midpoints of A B , C D AB, CD resp. We have: P , Q , E , R P,Q,E,R are collinear. Also, E F G = A P Q , E G F = B P Q \angle EFG = \angle APQ, \angle EGF = \angle BPQ then, by well known configuration involving medians, G E M = P B A = B C D . \angle GEM = \angle PBA = \angle BCD. Now, M E O = G E M + D E G + D E O = B C D + 9 0 A D E + 9 0 A C D = 17 0 \angle MEO = \angle GEM+ \angle DEG+ \angle DEO = \angle BCD + 90^{\circ} -\angle ADE + 90^{\circ} - \angle ACD = \boxed{170^{\circ}} , done..

Vishwash Kumar ΓΞΩ - 3 years, 1 month ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...