It is given that ∑ n = 1 ∞ f ( n ) ( x ) = f ( x ) for all values of x , where f ( n ) ( x ) represents the n t h derivative of f ( x ) . If f ( 0 ) = 1 , find the value of ln f ( 2 ) .
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And Shao Hong, do try out some of my exciting problems!
Yo Shao Hong, long time no see huh! This is how I did it. I just randomly guessed f ( x ) = e k x because l n f ( 2 ) gives you an integer so f ( x ) is probably an exponential function. We have:
f ′ ( x ) + f ′ ′ ( x ) + f ′ ′ ′ ( x ) . . . . = f ( x )
k e k x + k 2 e k x + k 3 e k x + . . . = e k x
Dividing by e k x throughout, we have:
k + k 2 + k 3 . . . = 1
k ( 1 + k + k 2 . . . . ) = 1
k ( 1 − k 1 ) = 1 by sum to infinity
k = 1 − k
2 k = 1
k = 2 1 so f ( x ) = e 2 x .
So this means you will get an integer for l n ( 2 ) , l n f ( 4 ) , l n f ( 6 ) and so on and so forth...
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f 1 ( x ) + f 2 ( x ) + . . . = f ( x ) --- (1)
Differentiating w.r.t. x , f 2 ( x ) + f 3 ( x ) + . . . = f 1 ( x ) --- (2)
Substituting (2) into (1), 2 f 1 ( x ) = f ( x )
f ( x ) 2 f 1 ( x ) = 1
Integrating w.r.t. x , 2 ln f ( x ) = x + C
f ( 0 ) = 1 ⇒ C = 0
f ( x ) = e 2 x
∴ ln f ( 2 ) = 1