For each positive integer n , let
If V s V p = b π a ( b ϕ 3 − c b ϕ 3 ) 2 ( V s ( 1 ) ) 2 , where ϕ represents the golden ratio, find a + b + c .
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
Problem Loading...
Note Loading...
Set Loading...
Sorry, but the above picture was the only picture that I could find.
Using the above picture:
Let x be the side of the square base and A H be the height h of the pyramid. Let O A and O C be radius R of the sphere, so O H is h − R and half the diagonal C H of the square is 2 x . The volume of the sphere V s ( 1 ) = 3 4 π R 3 and the volume of the square pyramid V p ( 1 ) = 3 1 x 2 h .
For right triangle C O H we have:
R 2 = 2 x 2 + ( h − R ) 2 = 2 x 2 + h 2 − 2 h R + R 2 ⟹ x 2 + 2 h 2 − 4 h R = 0 ⟹ x 2 = 4 h R − 2 h 2 ⟹
V p ( 1 ) ( h ) = 3 1 ( 4 h 2 R − 2 h 3 ) ⟹ d h d V p ( 1 ) = 3 2 h ( 4 R − 3 h ) = 0 and h = 0 ⟹ h = 3 4 R .
h = 3 4 R maximizes V p ( 1 ) ( h ) since d h 2 d 2 V p ( 1 ) ∣ ( h = 3 4 R ) = 3 − 8 R < 0
h = 3 4 R ⟹ x 2 = 9 1 6 R 2 ⟹ x = 3 4 R = h .
To find the inscribed sphere: Cut the pyramid and inscribed sphere with a vertical plane passing through the center of the sphere and perpendicular to two opposing sides of the base, the cross-section becomes a circle inscribed in an isosceles triangle:
Again, this is the only picture I could find.
Using the above isosceles triangle we have:
A C = B C is the slant height s = 2 x 2 + 4 h 2 of our square pyramid and A B = x .
From the diagram the Area of the isosceles triangle A = s r + 2 1 x r = 2 r ( 2 s + x )
⟹ r = 2 s + x 2 A = 2 s + x x h = x 2 + 4 h 2 + x x h
From ( 1 ) we had x = 3 4 R = h ⟹ r = 3 ( 5 + 1 ) 4 R = 3 ϕ 2 R
Now let r ( 1 ) = R , r ( 2 ) = r = 3 ϕ 2 R and x ( 1 ) = 3 4 R = h ( 1 ) .
x ( 2 ) = 3 4 r ( 2 ) = 3 4 ( 3 ϕ 2 ) R = h ( 2 )
r ( 3 ) = 3 ϕ 2 r ( 2 ) = ( 3 ϕ 2 ) 2 R
x ( 3 ) = 3 4 r 3 = 3 4 ( 3 ϕ 2 ) 2 R = h ( 3 )
r ( 4 ) = 3 ϕ 2 r ( 3 ) = ( 3 ϕ 2 ) 3 R
x ( 4 ) = h ( 4 ) = 3 4 ( 3 ϕ 2 ) 3 R
For each positive integer n :
r ( n ) = ( 3 ϕ 2 ) n − 1 R and x ( n ) = 3 4 ( 3 ϕ 2 ) n − 1 R = h ( n ) ⟹
V s ( n ) = ( 2 7 ϕ 3 8 ) n − 1 V s ( 1 ) and V p ( n ) = 2 7 π 1 6 ( 2 7 ϕ 3 8 ) n − 1 V s ( 1 )
⟹
V s = V s ( 1 ) ∑ n = 0 ∞ ( 2 7 ϕ 3 8 ) n = ( 2 7 ϕ 3 − 8 2 7 ϕ 3 ) V s ( 1 ) and V p = 2 7 π 1 6 ( 2 7 ϕ 3 − 8 2 7 ϕ 3 ) V s ( 1 ) ,
⟹ V s ∗ V p = 2 7 π 1 6 ( 2 7 ϕ 3 − 8 2 7 ϕ 3 ) 2 ( V s ( 1 ) ) 2 = b π a ( b ϕ 3 − c b ϕ 3 ) 2 ( V s ( 1 ) ) 2 ⟹
a + b + c = 5 1
Can someone please inform me what program to use to draw diagrams like the two above and whether it is available for free online.