Newton's Mechanics

Two objects A and B are thrown upward simultaneously with the same speed. The mass of A is greater than the mass of B. Suppose the air exerts a constant and equal force of resistance on the two bodies, then which of the following is true?

Any of the above three may happen B will go higher than A The two bodies will reach the same height A will go higher than B

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Aug 15, 2017

Let the masses of A and B be M M and m m respectively (with M > m M > m ). The net force of each object as they're thrown upward is equated by:

M a A = M g + F a i r a A = g + F a i r M ; Ma_{A} = Mg + F_{air} \Rightarrow a_{A} = g + \frac{F_{air}}{M};

m a B = m g + F a i r a B = g + F a i r m ; ma_{B} = mg + F_{air} \Rightarrow a_{B} = g + \frac{F_{air}}{m};

which upon observation a A < a B a_{A} < a_{B} . Now the heights of each object can be modeled via uniform acceleration kinematics:

v f i n a l 2 = v i n i t i a l 2 + 2 a y v_{final}^{2} = v_{initial}^{2} + 2ay

with v i n i t i a l = v 0 , v f i n a l = 0 v_{initial} = v_0, v_{final} = 0 for both cases. Solving for y y in either scenario gives:

y A = v 0 2 2 a A y_{A} = \frac{v_0^{2}}{2a_{A}} and y B = v 0 2 2 a B y_{B} = \frac{v_0^{2}}{2a_{B}}

and since a A < a B a_{A} < a_{B} , this results in y A > y B . \boxed{y_{A} > y_{B}}.

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