Define a 1 , n = k = 1 ∑ n k ( − 1 ) k + 1 and b 1 = n → ∞ lim a 1 , n .
It is known that b 1 = ln 2 .
Next we define a 2 , n = k = 1 ∑ n ( a 1 , k − b 1 ) and b 2 = n → ∞ lim a 2 , n .
The value of b 2 has been found at this problem .
Now a 3 , n = k = 1 ∑ n ( a 2 , k − b 2 ) and b 3 = n → ∞ lim a 3 , n .
What is the value of ⌊ 1 0 5 b 3 ⌋ , where ⌊ ⋅ ⌋ denotes the floor function ?
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The sum we intend to evaluate is m = 1 ∑ ∞ ( n = 1 ∑ m ( k = 1 ∑ n k ( − 1 ) k + 1 − ln 2 ) − b 2 ) − ( ∗ ) . From this problem , we know that ( n = 1 ∑ m ( k = 1 ∑ n k ( − 1 ) k + 1 − ln 2 ) ) = ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x d x − ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x ( − x ) m d x and that b 2 = ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x d x . Thus, the sum labelled with ( ∗ ) evaluates to m = 1 ∑ ∞ ( n = 1 ∑ m ( k = 1 ∑ n k ( − 1 ) k + 1 − ln 2 ) − b 2 ) = = = = = = = m = 1 ∑ ∞ ( ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x d x − ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x ( − x ) m d x − b 2 ) − m = 1 ∑ ∞ ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x ( − x ) m d x − ∫ 0 1 m = 1 ∑ ∞ ( 1 + x ) 2 x ( − x ) m d x (by Fubini’s Theorem) − ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x m = 1 ∑ ∞ ( − x ) m d x − ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 2 x ( 1 + x − x ) d x ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x ) 3 x 2 d x ln 2 − 8 5 . As such, b 3 = ln 2 − 8 5 and so ⌊ 1 0 5 b 3 ⌋ = 6 8 1 4 .