The value of the integral ∫ 0 1 e x 2 d x = A + E
where E is the maximum error and is less than 0 . 0 0 2 1 . What is the value of A ?
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So nice. I have solved it slightly different. I will write my solution later on.
I am going to evaluate ∫ 0 1 e x 2 d x by using T a y l o r ′ s t h e o r e m of the mean:
e x = 1 + x + 2 ! x 2 + 3 ! x 3 + 4 ! x 4 + 5 ! x 5 e ξ ; where ( 0 < ξ < x )
Then replacing x by x 2 we obtain:
e x 2 = 1 + x 2 + 2 ! x 4 + 3 ! x 6 + 4 ! x 8 + 5 ! x 1 0 e ξ ; where ( 0 < ξ < x )
Integrating from 0 to 1 :
∫ 0 1 = ∫ 0 1 ( 1 + x 2 + 2 ! x 4 + 3 ! x 6 + 4 ! x 8 ) d x + E , where E = ∫ 0 1 5 ! x 1 0 e ξ d x , E denotes the maximum error.
= 1 + 3 1 + 5 . 2 ! 1 + 7 . 3 ! 1 + 9 . 4 ! 1 + E = 1 . 4 6 1 8 + E ;
Now ∣ E ∣ = ∣ ∫ 0 1 5 ! x 1 0 e ξ d x ∣ ≤ ∣ ∫ 0 1 5 ! x 1 0 e ξ ∣ d x ≤ e ∫ 0 1 5 ! x 1 0 d x = 1 1 . 5 ! e < 0 . 0 0 2 1
Thus the maximum error is less than 0 . 0 0 2 1 , and so the value of the integral is 1 . 4 6 accurate to two decimal places.
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I = ∫ 0 1 e x 2 d x = ∫ 0 1 n = 0 ∑ ∞ n ! x 2 n d x = n = 0 ∑ ∞ ∫ 0 1 n ! x 2 n d x = n = 0 ∑ ∞ n ! ( 2 n + 1 ) x 2 n + 1 ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ 0 1 = n = 0 ∑ ∞ n ! ( 2 n + 1 ) 1 = 1 + 3 1 + 1 0 1 + 4 2 1 + 2 1 6 1 + 1 3 2 0 1 + . . . ≈ 1 . 4 6 2 By Maclaurin series Terms < 0 . 0 0 0 7 5 7 5