No, it's not a = b = c = d a=b=c=d

Algebra Level 4

Given that a , b , c a,b,c and d d are positive reals satisfying a + b + c + d = 15 a+b+c+d=15 , find the maximum value of a b c + b c d abc+bcd .


The answer is 125.

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4 solutions

P C
May 18, 2016

Relevant wiki: Applying the Arithmetic Mean Geometric Mean Inequality

We can apply AM-GM directly:

A M ( a + d , b , c ) G M ( a + d , b , c ) a + d + b + c 3 b c ( a + d ) 3 15 3 a b c + b c d 3 a b c + b c d 5 3 = 125 AM(a+d,b,c) \geq GM(a+d,b,c) \quad\Rightarrow \quad \dfrac{a+d+b+c}3 \geq \sqrt[3]{bc(a+d)} \quad\Rightarrow \quad \dfrac{15}3 \geq \sqrt[3]{abc+bcd} \quad\Rightarrow \quad abc + bcd \leq 5^3 = \boxed{125}

Equality holds when b = c = a + d = 5 b=c=a+d=5 .

Hi @Gurīdo Cuong , we really liked your comment, and have converted it into a solution. If you subscribe to this solution, you will receive notifications about future comments.

Brilliant Mathematics Staff - 5 years ago
Manuel Kahayon
May 17, 2016

Relevant wiki: Applying the Arithmetic Mean Geometric Mean Inequality

We can rewrite our given as b c ( a + d ) bc(a+d)

By AM-GM,

b + c 2 b c \large \frac{b+c}{2} \geq \sqrt{bc} , so b + c 2 b c b+c \geq 2\sqrt{bc}

Adding a + d a+d to both sides gives us

a + b + c + d 2 b c + ( a + d ) = b c + b c + ( a + d ) a+b+c+d \geq 2\sqrt{bc}+(a+d)= \sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{bc}+(a+d)

By AM-GM again,

b c + b c + ( a + d ) 3 b c b c ( a + d ) 3 = b c ( a + d ) \large \frac{\sqrt{bc}+\sqrt{bc}+(a+d)}{3} \geq \sqrt[3]{\sqrt{bc} \cdot \sqrt{bc} \cdot (a+d)}= bc(a+d)

Multiplying 3 by both sides gives us

2 b c + ( a + d ) 3 b c ( a + d ) 3 2\sqrt{bc}+(a+d) \geq 3\sqrt[3]{bc(a+d)}

But, since a + b + c + d 2 b c + ( a + d ) a+b+c+d \geq 2\sqrt{bc}+(a+d) , then a + b + c + d 3 b c ( a + d ) 3 a+b+c+d \geq 3\sqrt[3]{bc(a+d)}

So, 5 = 15 3 = a + b + c + d 3 b c ( a + d ) 3 5=\frac{15}{3}= \frac{a+b+c+d}{3} \geq \sqrt[3]{bc(a+d)}

Cubing both sides gives us 125 b c ( a + d ) 125 \geq bc(a+d)

So, our answer is 125 \boxed{125}

[ This comment has been converted into a solution ]

P C - 5 years ago

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Yeah, I failed to notice that...

Thanks for pointing that out though... At least it was not in a hard way...

Manuel Kahayon - 5 years ago
Arjen Vreugdenhil
May 21, 2016

Define x = a + d x = a + d , then we must maximize x b c xbc under the condition x + b + c = 15 x + b + c = 15 . The solution is well know: x = b = c = 5 x = b = c = 5 and x b c = 125 xbc = \boxed{125} .

Patrick Bamba
May 17, 2016

a + d = x a+d=x

a b c + b c d = b c x abc+bcd = bcx

x + b + c = 15 x+b+c = 15

x + b + c 3 b c x 3 \frac{x+b+c}{3} \geq \sqrt[3]{bcx}

5 3 = 125 b c x 5^3 = 125 \geq bcx

E Z EZ

Ayy trashtalk

Eto kopyahin mo nalang ung Latex code

a + d = x a+d=x

a b c + b c d = b c x abc+bcd = bcx

x + b + c = 15 x+b+c = 15

x + b + c 3 b c x 3 \frac{x+b+c}{3} \geq \sqrt[3]{bcx}

5 3 = 125 b c x 5^3 = 125 \geq bcx

Manuel Kahayon - 5 years ago

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By the way, @Manuel Kahayon

It might not be a = b = c = d a=b=c=d , but it surely is a = b = c a=b=c

: ) :)

Vaibhav Prasad - 5 years ago

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Only if d = 0 d = 0 ... but that is not the only possible solution.

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 5 years ago

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