No Need To Write

Algebra Level 5

Let P ( x ) P(x) be a polynomial of degree 99 satisfying P ( n ) = n 99 ! P(n)=n \cdot 99! for n = 1 , 2 , 3 , , 99 n= 1,2,3,\ldots,99 . If P ( 100 ) = 0 P(100)=0 , find the value of the coefficient of x 98 x^{98} in P ( x ) P(x) .

Notation : ! ! denotes the factorial notation. For example, 8 ! = 1 × 2 × 3 × × 8 8! = 1\times2\times3\times\cdots\times8 .


The answer is 495000.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

2 solutions

RoYal Abhik
Jun 1, 2016

P ( x ) = A i = 1 99 ( x i ) + x 99 ! P(x)=A\displaystyle\prod_{i=1}^{99}(x-i)+x\cdot 99!

Using P ( 100 ) = 0 P(100)=0 , we get A = 100 A=-100 .

Hence, P ( x ) = 100 i = 1 99 ( x i ) + x 99 ! \large P(x)=-100\displaystyle\prod_{i=1}^{99}(x-i)+x\cdot 99!

Coef of x 98 x^{98} in P(x):

100 ( 1 + ( 2 ) + ( 3 ) + + ( 99 ) ) ( 99 ) ( 100 ) 2 -100\underbrace{(-1+(-2)+(-3)+\cdots+(-99))}_{-\frac{(99)(100)}2}

= 100 × 99 × 50 = 495000 \large =100\times 99\times 50=\boxed{495000}

Grant Bulaong
Jun 1, 2016

Define a polynomial f ( x ) f(x) of degree 99 99 such that f ( x ) = P ( x ) x 99 ! f(x)=P(x)-x \cdot 99! . We have f ( x ) = 0 f(x)=0 for x = 1 , 2 , 3 , . . . , 99 x=1,2,3,...,99 . By Remainder-Factor Theorem, we have f ( x ) = A ( x 1 ) ( x 2 ) ( x 3 ) . . . ( x 99 ) f(x)=A(x-1)(x-2)(x-3)...(x-99) for some constant A A . For x = 100 x=100 , we must have f ( x ) = 100 ! f(x)=-100! , therefore A = 100 A=-100 . Note that f ( x ) f(x) and P ( x ) P(x) have the same coefficient for x 98 x^{98} which is equal to 100 -100 times the negative value of the sum of the roots of f ( x ) f(x) .

( 100 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 + 2 + 3 + . . . + 99 ) = 495000 (-100)(-1)(1+2+3+...+99)= \boxed {495000}

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...