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Algebra Level 2

Find the largest number among the following numbers:

(A) 8 + 8 \sqrt{8}+\sqrt{8}

(B) 7 + 9 \sqrt{7}+\sqrt{9}

(C) 6 + 10 \sqrt{6}+\sqrt{10}

(D) 5 + 11 \sqrt{5}+\sqrt{11}

(E) 4 + 12 \sqrt{4}+\sqrt{12}


This is a part of the Set .

E D A B C

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5 solutions

Let the sum be x + y \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} , and we note that x + y = 16 x+y=16 . Since x , y > 0 \sqrt{x}, \sqrt{y} > 0 , we can use Cauchy-Schwarz inequality.

( x + y ) 2 2 ( x + y ) = 32 x + y 2 8 \begin{aligned} (\sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y})^2 & \le 2 (x+y) = 32 \\ \Rightarrow \sqrt{x} + \sqrt{y} & \le 2 \sqrt{8} \end{aligned}

Equality or maximum condition occurs when x = y = 8 x=y = 8 . The maximum sum is therefore ( A ) 8 + 8 \boxed{(\text{A})} \space \sqrt{8} + \sqrt{8} .

We will prove that for non-negative real number x x , 8 x + 8 + x \sqrt{8-x}+\sqrt{8+x} obtains maximum value when x = 0 x=0 .

Indeed, we have:

( 8 x + 8 + x ) 2 = 16 + 2 64 x 2 16 + 2 64 = 32 (\sqrt{8-x}+\sqrt{8+x})^2=16+2\sqrt{64-x^2}\le 16+2\sqrt{64}=32

Thus, 8 x + 8 + x 4 2 \sqrt{8-x}+\sqrt{8+x}\le 4\sqrt{2} and the equality holds iff x = 0 x=0 .

So, the largest number is A \boxed{A} .

Another way is to just see the rates of growth in your head. But I don't see how to write it down convincingly

Agnishom Chattopadhyay - 5 years, 10 months ago
Duy Anh Tran Le
Apr 18, 2017

We noticed that8+8=7+9=6+10=5+11=4+12=16 Square each of that we will have A=16+2sqrt(64) B=16+2sqrt(63) C=16+2sqrt(60) D=16+2sqrt(55) E=16+2sqrt(48) Hence A is the largest

Nice shortcut!!!!!

Prayas Rautray - 4 years ago
Tejas Pise
Aug 7, 2015

Root 8"= 2root2 =3.141×2=6.28 Rest are betn 5&6

Rohan Naidu
Aug 5, 2015

The derivative of root x is monotonically decreasing. That is, as x increases, it increases by decreasing amounts. So when you subtract from 8, your loss is much larger than the gain accrued by adding to 8. This helps conclude that a) must be the answer.

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