Find the largest 2 digit value of such that is not divisible by 18.
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Rewrite the expression in terms of the sum of first n squares; n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) = 6 ( 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 2 + . . . + n 2 )
It's obvious that n ( n + 1 ) ( 2 n + 1 ) is a multiple of 6 , thus the only possible remainders when reduced by modulo 1 8 are 6 , 1 2 . So we got 2 cases with 2 remainders;
Case 1: 6 ( 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 ) = 1 8 x + 6
simplifying becomes; 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 = 3 x + 1
We want 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 ≡ 1 m o d 3
Using the cycle of the reduced residues of n 2 m o d 3 , we get the maximum of n = 9 6
Case 2: 6 ( 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 ) = 1 8 y + 1 2
simplifying; 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 = 3 y + 2
We want 1 2 + 2 2 + 3 3 + . . . + n 2 ≡ 2 m o d 3
and using reduced residues of n 2 m o d 3 again, we yield the maximum n = 9 7
Thus 9 7