n → ∞ lim r = 0 ∑ n n 2 9 r 2 n 3 − r 3
If the limit above can be expressed in the form b a , where a and b are coprime natural numbers, find the value of a + b + a b .
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Nice use of Riemann Sum! You should clarify that the integral can be easily solved using a suitable substitution.
Lol. Made it look so easy.
L = n → ∞ lim r = 0 ∑ n n 2 9 r 2 n 3 − r 3 = n 1 n → ∞ lim r = 0 ∑ n ( n r ) 2 1 − ( n r ) 3 = ∫ 0 1 x 2 1 − x 3 d x = ∫ 0 2 π 3 2 sin θ cos 2 θ d θ = 3 2 ∫ 0 1 u 2 d u = 9 2 It is a Riemann sum n → ∞ lim n 1 k = a ∑ b f ( n k ) = n → ∞ lim ∫ n a n b f ( x ) d x Let x = sin 3 2 θ ⟹ d x = 3 2 sin − 3 1 θ cos θ d θ Let u = cos θ ⟹ d u = − sin θ d θ
Therefore a + b + a b = 2 + 9 + 2 × 9 = 2 9 .
Reference: Riemann sum
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We can rewrite the given summation as:
n → ∞ lim n 1 r = 0 ∑ n ( n r ) 2 1 − ( n r ) 3
This is a Riemann sum, and can be expressed as the integral:
I = ∫ 0 1 x 2 1 − x 3 d x
The value of this integral is 9 2 and so the required answer is:
2 + 9 + 2 × 9 = 2 9