Not Imaginary

Algebra Level 3

Find the number of real roots of given equation,

21 x 2015 + 18 x 21 + 6 x 277 + 77 x 99 + x 88 = 0 \large 21x^{2015} + 18x^{21} + 6x^{277} + 77x^{99} + x - 88 = 0


The answer is 1.

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3 solutions

Tanishq Varshney
Oct 19, 2015

Consider the given expression as f ( x ) f(x) .

Then find its derivative f ( x ) f^{\prime}(x) which gives all even powers of x x and a positive constant , implying that it is an always increasing function.

Also we know polynomials with their highest degree odd will have at least one real root.

An increasing function cuts the x-axis only once.

Hence, the given polynomial has 1 r e a l r o o t 1~real~root

Great!, that's the actual solution of this question.

Akhil Bansal - 5 years, 7 months ago
Ahmed Sabry
Oct 17, 2015

The total number of roots is 2015

Since all the powers are odd numbers (2015, 21, 277, 99, 1), any negative value for x will yield a larger negative value, and the term (21x^2015+18x^21+6x^277+77x^99+x) will never be a positive value and it will never be equal to 88 then there is no negative real roots

for x>=1 the term (21x^2015+18x^21+6x^277+77x^99+x) will always be greater than 88 then the only real solutions available is the period 0<x<1

since complex come in pairs and the total number of roots is odd, then we must have an odd number of real roots.

since the term (21x^2015+18x^21+6x^277+77x^99+x) is always increase in the period 0<x<1 and there is an odd number of solutions in this period, then there can't be more than one solution

i didn't understand when you said since complex come in pairs and the total number of roots is odd. what do you mean ?? please reply

Mohammad Hamdar - 5 years, 8 months ago

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The total number of roots is 2015 which is an odd number, and complex roots always come in pairs, which means that the number of complex roots is even, then the number of real roots must be odd , since (even+odd=odd)

Ahmed Sabry - 5 years, 7 months ago
Jerry McKenzie
Jul 10, 2018

Descartes rule of signs? Positive roots have 1 sign change, and negative roots does not have a sign change.

Absolutely wrong!

Rudrayan Kundu - 2 years, 9 months ago

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