Given that is a positive integer , find the sum of all possible values of such that is prime .
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n 4 + 4 = ( n 4 + 4 n 2 + 4 ) − 4 n 2
n 4 + 4 = ( n 2 + 2 ) 2 − ( 2 n ) 2
n 4 + 4 = ( n 2 + 2 + 2 n ) ( n 2 + 2 − 2 n )
n 4 + 4 = ( ( n + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) ( ( n − 1 ) 2 + 1 )
Clearly ( ( n + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) > 1 if n is a positve integer. So the other factor must be equal to 1 to make it prime:
( n − 1 ) 2 + 1 = 1 → n = 1
∴ n 4 + 4 iff n = 1