Not quartics again

Given that n n is a positive integer , find the sum of all possible values of n n such that n 4 + 4 n^4 + 4 is prime .


The answer is 1.

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2 solutions

Eamon Gupta
Jun 13, 2016

n 4 + 4 = ( n 4 + 4 n 2 + 4 ) 4 n 2 n^4 + 4 = (n^4 + 4n^2 + 4) - 4n^2

n 4 + 4 = ( n 2 + 2 ) 2 ( 2 n ) 2 n^4 + 4 = (n^2+2)^2 - (2n)^2

n 4 + 4 = ( n 2 + 2 + 2 n ) ( n 2 + 2 2 n ) n^4 + 4 = (n^2 +2 +2n)(n^2+2-2n)

n 4 + 4 = ( ( n + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) ( ( n 1 ) 2 + 1 ) n^4 + 4 = ((n+1)^2 +1)((n-1)^2+1)

Clearly ( ( n + 1 ) 2 + 1 ) > 1 ((n+1)^2 +1)>1 if n n is a positve integer. So the other factor must be equal to 1 to make it prime:

( n 1 ) 2 + 1 = 1 n = 1 (n-1)^2+1 = 1 \rightarrow n=1

n 4 + 4 \therefore n^4+4 iff n = 1 \boxed{n=1}

Moderator note:

Simple standard approach of the Sophie-Germain identity.

Edwin Gray
Nov 11, 2018

n^4 + 4 = n^4 + 4n^2 + 4 - 4n^2 = (n^2 + 2)^2 - (2n)^2 = (n^2 + 2 - 2n)*(n^2 +2 + 2n). If n^4 + 4 is prime, then (n^2 + 2 - 2n) must equal 1; So n = 1. Ed Gray

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