Not Too Famous Integral

Calculus Level 4

0 3 3 x 3 + x d x = A [ π B C ] \large \int_0^3\sqrt{\dfrac{3-x}{3+x}}\, dx = A\left[\dfrac{\pi}{B}-C\right]

If the equation above holds true for positive integers A , B A,B and C C , find A + B + C A+B+C .


The answer is 6.

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1 solution

Sravanth C.
May 27, 2016

We can multiply and divide by the conjugate of the denominator to get;

0 3 3 x 3 + x d x = 0 3 3 x 3 + x × 3 x 3 x d x = 0 3 3 x 3 2 x 2 d x = 0 3 3 3 2 x 2 d x 0 3 x 3 2 x 2 d x = 3 sin 1 ( x 3 ) 0 3 + 1 2 3 2 0 1 u d u = 3 π 2 + u 3 2 0 = 3 [ π 2 1 ] \begin{aligned}\int_0^3\sqrt{\dfrac{3-x}{3+x}}\, dx &=\int_0^3\sqrt{\dfrac{3-x}{3+x}}\times\sqrt{\dfrac{3-x}{3-x}}\, dx\\ &=\int_0^3\dfrac{3-x}{\sqrt{3^2-x^2}}\, dx\\ &=\int_0^3\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{3^2-x^2}}\, dx - \int_0^3\dfrac{x}{\sqrt{3^2-x^2}}\,dx\\ &=3\sin^{-1}\left(\dfrac x3\right)_0^3+\dfrac 12\int_{3^2}^0\dfrac{1}{\sqrt u}\, du\\ &=\dfrac{3\pi}{2}+\sqrt u|_{3^2}^{0}\\ &=3\left[\dfrac{\pi}{2}-1\right] \end{aligned}

Thus, A = 3 A=3 , B = 2 B=2 and C = 1 C=1 ; Therefore A + B + C = 6 A+B+C=\boxed 6 .


Note: This result can be generalised to any positive real number a a ;

0 a a x a + x d x = a [ π 2 1 ] \int_0^a\sqrt{\dfrac{a-x}{a+x}}\, dx = a\left[\dfrac \pi 2-1\right]

Moderator note:

Great generalization of the problem :)

Very neat work! =D

Pi Han Goh - 5 years ago

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Thanks a ton!

Sravanth C. - 5 years ago

My "Brilliant" Mate...!! Your problems are just awesome. Your generalization at the end of the answer shows your interest towards Mathematics...!!!

Sudhir Aripirala - 5 years ago

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My pleasure Mate!

Sravanth C. - 5 years ago

Substituting x=3cos2y also works

Aditya Kumar - 4 years, 10 months ago

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Oh yeah, that's much better!

Sravanth C. - 4 years, 10 months ago

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