Not too hard II

Algebra Level 5

If a a , b b and c c are complex numbers such that:

a 2 + b 2 + c 2 = 21 a 3 + b 3 + c 3 = 55 a b c = 8 a^2+b^2+c^2=21\\ a^3+b^3+c^3=-55\\ abc=-8

If the minimum value of a 4 + b 4 + c 4 a^4+b^4+c^4 can be expressed as m + 147 n 4 -\dfrac{m+147\sqrt{n}}{4} , find m + n m+n .


The answer is 2118.

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1 solution

Pi Han Goh
Feb 14, 2015

Since a , b , c a,b,c are inter exchangeable, we can say that they are roots to a cubic equation, denote it to be f ( W ) = W 3 x W 2 + y W z f(W) = W^3 - x W^2 + y W - z

where x , y , z x,y,z denote the values a + b + c , a b + a c + b c , a b c a+b+c, ab+ac+bc,abc . Thus z = 8 z = -8

Convert the first given equation to x 2 2 y = 21 x^2 - 2y = 21

Similarly using the identity a 3 + b 3 + c 3 3 a b c = ( a + b + c ) ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ( a b + a c + b c ) ) a^3 + b^3 + c^3 - 3abc = (a+b+c)(a^2+b^2+c^2 - (ab+ac+bc))

We have

55 3 ( 8 ) = x ( 21 y ) x ( y 21 ) = 31 55 - 3(-8) = x(21-y) \Rightarrow x(y-21) = 31

Solve these two equations simultaneously

x ( 2 y 42 ) = 62 x ( x 2 21 42 ) = 62 x ( x 2 63 ) = 62 x(2y - 42) = 62 \Rightarrow x(x^2-21 - 42) = 62 \Rightarrow x(x^2-63) = 62 which gives x = 1 x=-1 as one of the solution. Factoring out ( x + 1 ) (x+1) yields the other two roots 1 2 ( 1 ± 249 ) \frac {1}{2} (1 \pm \sqrt{249} )

With this, we can solve for y y , thus the solutions ( x , y ) = ( 1 , 10 ) , ( 1 ± 249 2 , 83 ± 249 4 ) \large (x,y) = (-1, 10), \left ( \frac { 1 \pm \sqrt{249}}{2} , \frac {83 \pm \sqrt{249} }{4} \right )

We now consider the identity

a 4 + b 4 + c 4 = ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) 2 2 [ ( a b ) 2 + ( a c ) 2 + ( b c ) 2 ] = 441 2 [ ( a b + a c + b c ) 2 2 a b c ( a + b + c ) ] = 441 2 ( y 2 + 16 x ) \begin{aligned} a^4 + b^4 + c^4 & = & (a^2+b^2+c^2)^2 - 2 [ (ab)^2 + (ac)^2 + (bc)^2 ] \\ & = & 441 - 2 [ (ab+ac+bc)^2 - 2abc(a+b+c) ] \\ & = & 441 - 2 (y^2 +16x ) \\ \end{aligned}

Substitution of different pairs of x , y x,y gives different values, and its minimum value is 1869 + 147 249 4 m = 1869 , n = 249 m + n = 2118 - \frac {1869 + 147 \sqrt{249}}{4} \Rightarrow m = 1869, n = 249 \Rightarrow m+n=\boxed{2118}

Did the exact same !!

Akshat Sharda - 5 years, 5 months ago

Wow Just wow... Guys please help me with polynomials they really seem to hate me. Awesome question and an awesome solution... @Pi Han Goh Please help me with polynomials big brother if you don't mind.

pranav jangir - 6 years, 3 months ago

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Just ask, I don't mind.

Pi Han Goh - 6 years, 3 months ago

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