Not too reduced

Determine the smallest positive integer n n such that 17 n + 12 = x × z 17n + 12 = x \times z and n 25 = y × z n - 25 = y \times z , where x , y , and z x, y, \mbox{ and } z are positive integers, x x and y y are coprime, and both y y and z z are strictly greater than 1. 1.


The answer is 63.

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10 solutions

Nupur Prasad
Oct 14, 2013

We have, 17 n + 12 = x z 17n + 12 = xz and n 25 = y z n-25=yz . For simplification, we make the coefficient of n n same in both the equations. We get,

17 n + 12 = x z 17n+12=xz

17 n 425 = 17 y z 17n-425=17yz

Subtracting, we get

437 = z ( x 17 y ) 437=z(x-17y)

Factors of 437 437 are 1 , 437 ; 19 1, 437; 19 and 23 23 . We cannot take z = 1 z=1 because z is greater than1 and also we cannot take z = 437 z = 437 as it will make xz and yz large. So we take z = 19 z=19 and z = 23 z=23 . Finding minimum value of n n by taking least possible value of a and b in both the cases, we get n = 71 n= 71 at z = 23 z=23 and n = 63 n=63 at z = 19 z=19 . Therefore minimum value of n is 63 \boxed{63}

Moderator note:

This is a very nice solution. The one place where it is a bit non-rigorous, is when z = 437 z=437 is discarded. However, after n = 63 n=63 is found, one can easily make this very rigorous: if z = 437 , z=437, then n = 25 + y z 25 + 437 > 63. n=25+yz\geq 25+437 > 63. In a situation like this it is better to consider the z = 437 z=437 case last.

Nice solution. Uncomplicated.

Of course in your 4th line you meant 17n - 425 = 17yz.

Steven Perkins - 7 years, 8 months ago
Diago Luise
Oct 15, 2013

Given,

17 n + 12 = x × z . . . . . . . . . . . ( i ) 17n+12=x \times z...........(i)

n 25 = y × z . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ( i i ) n-25=y \times z................(ii)

putting n = 25 + y × z n=25+y \times z in (i) we get

x × z = 17 ( y × z ) + 437 x = 17 y + 437 z ( z > 1 ) x \times z=17(y \times z)+437\Rightarrow x=17y+\frac {437} {z} (z>1)

since, x Z x \in Z

hence, z 437 z = 19 z|437\Rightarrow z=19 or 23 23 or 437 437

then, x = 17 y + 1....... ( i i i ) x=17y+1.......(iii) ,when, z = 437 z=437

or, x = 17 y + 19..... ( i v ) x=17y+19.....(iv) when, z = 23 z=23

or, x = 17 y + 23...... ( v ) x=17y+23......(v) when, z = 19 z=19

for n to be minimum x × z x \times z must be minimum

from equation (iii),(iv),(v) we see that x × z x \times z is minimum for z = 19 z=19

hence,z=19

now, y y is integer and y > 1 y 2 y>1 \Rightarrow y \geq 2

hence, y × z 38 n 25 38 n 63 y \times z \geq 38 \Rightarrow n-25 \geq 38 \Rightarrow n \geq 63

putting, n = 63 n=63 in the equation (i) we get

17 × 63 + 12 = x × 19 x = 57 17\times 63 +12=x \times 19 \Rightarrow x=57 ,which is integer.

now,we can check further that (x,y)=1,

putting x = 57 x=57 in (v) we get y = 2 y=2

so,(x,y)=(57,2)=1

as, n = 63 n=63 meets all the requirement so smallest value of n = 63 n=63 (ans)

James Remo
Mar 2, 2014

Because g c d ( x , y ) = 1 gcd(x,y) = 1 , let's use the Euclidean Algorithm to find the highest possible g c d ( 17 n + 12 , n 25 ) gcd(17n + 12, n - 25) : 17 n + 12 = 17 ( n 25 ) + 437 17n + 12 = 17(n - 25) + 437 , so 437 is their greatest common divisor. This means that z 437 = 19 × 23 z | 437 = 19 \times 23 . As we want the smallest n., let's chose z = 19 z = 19 . Thus we get: 17 n + 12 = 19 x 17n + 12 = 19x and n 25 = 19 y n - 25 = 19y Considering ( m o d 6 ) (mod 6) on the second equation we get: n = 6 ( m o d 19 ) n = 6 (mod 19) . Substitute n = 19 a + 6 n = 19a + 6 Thus we get: 19 a + 6 25 = 19 y 19a + 6 - 25 = 19y ---> a = y + 1 a = y + 1 and 17 ( 19 a + 6 ) + 12 = 19 x 17(19a + 6) + 12 = 19x ---> 17 a + 6 = x 17a + 6 = x ---> 17 y + 23 = x 17y + 23 = x y is strictly larger than 1, so taking y = 2 y = 2 gives x = 57 x = 57 , which are both co-prime. It also gives a = 3 a = 3 and therefore n = 63 n = \boxed {63}

Daniel Ferreira
Oct 19, 2013

Eliminemos a variável "n" da seguinte forma:

{ 17 n + 12 = x z n 25 = x y × ( 17 { 17 n + 12 = x z 17 n + 425 = 17 x y x z 17 x y = 437 x ( z 17 y ) = 19 23 \\ \begin{cases} 17n + 12 = xz \\ n - 25 = xy \; \times (- 17 \end{cases} \\\\ \begin{cases} 17n + 12 = xz \\ - 17n + 425 = - 17xy \end{cases} \\ ---------- \\ xz - 17xy = 437 \\ x(z - 17y) = 19 \cdot 23

Para a igualdade acima, temos duas possibilidades, isto é, ou x = 19 \boxed{x = 19} , ou, x = 23 \boxed{x = 23} . Obviamente, o menor valor que se pode obter para "n" é fazendo x = 19. Segue,

( z 17 y ) = 23 z = 17 y + 23 (z - 17y) = 23 \\ z = 17y + 23

De acordo com o enunciado, "y" e "z" são maiores que 1, portanto, o menor valor para "y" é 2. Então, y = 2 \boxed{y = 2}

Por fim,

n 25 = x y n = 25 + 19 2 n = 25 + 38 n = 63 n - 25 = xy \\ n = 25 + 19 \cdot 2 \\ n = 25 + 38 \\ \boxed{\boxed{n = 63}}

Shaan Goel
Oct 15, 2013

SINCE Z DIVIDES BOTH , 17N+12 AND N-25 , Z MUST DIVIDE 17N+12-17(N-25)=437=19X23.SO , TO REDUCE N WE TAKE Z=19 . ALSO , N-25=YZ . SO WE GET N=19Y+25 . SUBSTITUTING THIS VALUE OF N IN EQUATION 1 WE GET 17(19Y+25)=19X . SIMPLIFYING THE EQUATION WE GET 17Y+23=X . WE HAVE BEEN GIVEN THAT Y>1 .SO LET Y=2 . SO FOR Y=2 , X=57 WHICH IS A POSITIVE INTEGER COPRIME TO 2 . WE KNOW THAT N=YZ+25 , SO N=2*19+25=63

good one.

Gautam Ghosh - 7 years, 7 months ago

From the problem, we have gcd ( 17 n + 12 , n 25 ) = z \gcd(17n+12,n-25) = z . From Euler's theorem, we can write this as gcd ( 17 n + 12 17 ( n 25 ) = 437 , n 25 ) \gcd(17n+12-17(n-25)=437,n-25) which can be written as gcd ( 19 23 , n 25 \gcd(19*23,n-25 . So z z can be either 1 , 19 , 23 , 437 1,19,23, 437 or some multiples of these. But from the problem, z z cannot be 1 1 . So that leaves 19 , 23 , 437 19,23,437 or some multiples of these. The smallest valid z z is 19. If we write n 25 = 19 y n-25=19y . Since y 1 y \ne 1 , the smallest y y is 2. So we have n = 25 + 19 2 = 63 n=25+19*2=63 .

Abhishek Rawat
Oct 14, 2013

17n+12/n-25 let n=m+25,hence it'll become 17m+437/m 437=19*23 numbers to be chosen for the above criteria of the form 19k or 23k,k>1 so the smallest m=38 and hence n=m+25=63

This is a fine solution and simple than that of George. Congrats Abhishek.

indulal gopal - 7 years, 8 months ago

How this work my dear guys? n=63, x=19, y=2,z=57 ; 17n+12=1083=19 57 . It is ok. But n-25=38. How is 38=y z=2*57????

indulal gopal - 7 years, 8 months ago

mdc(17n+12;n-25)=z -> z l 17n+12 - 17(n-25) ->z l 437 -> z= 1 or 19 or 23 or 437 -> z>1 -> z = 19 or 23 or 437

y>1 -> y>=2

If z=19 and y=2 ->n-25=38 -> n=63 (17x63+12)/19=57=x mdc(2;57)=1 ok!

x=57 ; y=2 ; z=19 ; n=63

Elementary number theory by David .M. Burton. It is a very interesting book.

jinay patel - 7 years, 8 months ago

George Gelyu, will you please explani a bit? What you mean by y=2 and z=19 , n=63, for n=63 the given fraction is not of the form xz/yz. Plz explain

indulal gopal - 7 years, 8 months ago

Can u suggest me any books on number systems?

rajachowdary raj - 7 years, 8 months ago

x=19 ; y=2 ; z=57; n=63

George Gelyu Yguel Lucas - 7 years, 8 months ago
Noel Lo
Oct 20, 2013

gcd (17n+12, n-25) = gcd (17(n-25)+425 +12, n-25) = gcd (437, n-25) = z Since z >1 and 437 = 19 x 23, z= 19 or 23 or 437. For n to be as small as possible, let z=19. But n-25 cannot be equal to z as y would be 1 which violates the given condition. So let y=2 such that n-25 = 38. Thus n=63.

Timothy Zhou
Oct 14, 2013

So we know z divides 17n+12 and n-25; hence n=25 mod z and plugging this in for n in the first expression gives 437=25 mod z. Hence z|19 23; since z!=1, z=19, 23, or 19 23. But clearly 19 will give the smallest value for n; minimizing n with y=2, we find n=63. Checking, 17n+12 gives x=57, and this is indeed coprime with 2. Done: n=63.

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