Not Your Ordinary System of Inequalities

Algebra Level 5

Solve the following system of inequalities.

{ x ( x 2 ) 0 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 0 576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 1521 3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 \begin{cases} x(x-2) \geq0 \\ (x-1)(x-3) \geq0 \\ \cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)} \leq \cfrac{1521}{3(x-1)^2-x^2}\end{cases}

If you think there is no solution or there are infinitely many solutions, compute your answer as 1000 1000 .

This is part of the set Things Get Harder! .


The answer is 6.

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1 solution

Donglin Loo
Jun 7, 2018

3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 3(x-1)^2-x^2

= 3 ( x 2 2 x + 1 ) x 2 =3(x^2-2x+1)-x^2

= 2 x 2 6 x + 3 =2x^2-6x+3

x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)

= x 2 2 x + x 2 4 x + 3 =x^2-2x+x^2-4x+3

= 2 x 2 6 x + 3 =2x^2-6x+3

3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 = x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) \therefore 3(x-1)^2-x^2=x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)

x ( x 2 ) 0 \because x(x-2)\geq0 and ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 0 (x-1)(x-3)\geq0

x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 0 \therefore x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)\geq0

3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 0 3(x-1)^2-x^2\geq0

576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 1521 3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 \cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)} \leq \cfrac{1521}{3(x-1)^2-x^2}

[ 3 ( x 1 ) 2 x 2 ] [ 576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] 1521 \Rightarrow [3(x-1)^2-x^2][\cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)}] \leq1521

[ x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] [ 576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] 1521 \Rightarrow [x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)][\cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)}] \leq1521

By Cauchy-Schwarz Inequality ,

[ x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] [ 576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] 1521 \Rightarrow [x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)][\cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)}] \geq1521

\therefore we conclude that there exists solution if and only if [ x ( x 2 ) + ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] [ 576 x ( x 2 ) + 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] = 1521 [x(x-2)+(x-1)(x-3)][\cfrac{576}{x(x-2)}+\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)}]=1521

Also, the equality holds if and only if

x ( x 2 ) = 576 x ( x 2 ) x(x-2)=\cfrac{576}{x(x-2)} and \textbf{and} ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) = 225 ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) (x-1)(x-3)=\cfrac{225}{(x-1)(x-3)}

[ x ( x 2 ) ] 2 = 576 [x(x-2)]^2=576

[ x ( x 2 ) ] = ± 24 [x(x-2)]=\pm 24

x ( x 2 ) 0 \because x(x-2)\geq0

x ( x 2 ) = 24 \therefore x(x-2)=24

x 2 2 x 24 = 0 \Rightarrow x^2-2x-24=0

( x 6 ) ( x + 4 ) = 0 (x-6)(x+4)=0

x = 6 x=6 or x = 4 x=-4

[ ( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) ] 2 = 225 [(x-1)(x-3)]^2=225

( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) = ± 15 (x-1)(x-3)=\pm15

( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) 0 \because(x-1)(x-3)\geq0

( x 1 ) ( x 3 ) = 15 \therefore(x-1)(x-3)=15

x 2 4 x 12 = 0 \Rightarrow x^2-4x-12=0

( x 6 ) ( x + 2 ) = 0 (x-6)(x+2)=0

x = 6 x=6 or x = 2 x=-2

We conclude that the solution, which is common to the two equations solved, is 6 \boxed{6} .

The cauchy schwarz inequality holds iff ai=kbi .................??

Ritabrata Roy - 2 years, 11 months ago

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What ai=kbi. I don't see ai, kbi

donglin loo - 2 years, 10 months ago

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