Not your usual fringe width

A cylindrical shell of radius 1 m \SI{1}{\meter} has two slits S 1 S_1 and S 2 S_2 separated by a distance of 1 mm \SI{1}{\milli\meter} . Light having a wavelength λ = 4 000 A ˚ \lambda = \SI{4000}{\angstrom} is incident on the double slit and produces a fringe pattern within the shell. Assume that the intensity does not vary substantially as one moves from O O to P P .

Find the fringe width of the pattern near the point P P .

0.73 mm \SI{0.73}{\milli\meter} 0.8 mm \SI{0.8}{\milli\meter} 0.62 mm \SI{0.62}{\milli\meter} 0.92 mm \SI{0.92}{\milli\meter}

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1 solution

Sumanth R Hegde
Apr 16, 2017

Consider the intensity at a point ( r cos θ , r sin θ ) . . . . . 0 < θ < π (r\cos{\theta} , r\sin{\theta} )..... 0 < \theta < \pi

The path difference between the light waves reaching the point P can be found using geometry and it comes out to be

Δ x = d sin θ 2 \Delta x = d \sin{\frac{ \theta}{2} }

( Hint : consider the coordinates of the slits S 1 S_1 and S 2 S_2 in polar form and find S 1 P S 2 P | S_{1}P - S_{2}P | )

For a Maxima , Δ x = n λ \Delta x = n \lambda where λ \lambda is wavelength .

Consider two successive Maximas formed at angles θ 1 \theta_1 , θ 2 \theta_2 .

Since λ d \dfrac{ \lambda} { d} is of the order of a millimeter , we can approximate the distance between two successive Maximas to be

β R ( θ 2 θ 1 ) = R Δ θ \beta \approx R ( \theta_2 - \theta_1 ) = R \Delta \theta

Also we have sin θ 2 2 sin θ 1 2 cos θ 1 2 Δ θ 2 = λ d \sin{ \frac{\theta_2}{ 2}} - \sin{ \frac{ \theta_1 }{2} } \approx \dfrac{ \cos{ \frac{ \theta_1}{2} } \Delta \theta }{2} = \frac{ \lambda }{ d}

Using this, we get

β = 2 R λ d cos θ 1 2 \beta = \dfrac{2 R \lambda }{d \cos{ \frac{ \theta_1 }{2} } }

When θ 1 = 60 ° , β = 4 R λ d 3 = 0.9237 m m \theta_1 = 60° , \color{#3D99F6}{ \beta = \dfrac{ 4R \lambda}{d \sqrt{3} } = 0.9237 mm }

@Sumanth R Hegde why is fringe width lambda /d

Ashutosh Sharma - 3 years, 4 months ago

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