The number B I G = 1 × 2 2 × 3 3 3 × 4 4 4 4 × ( ⋯ ) × 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 belongs in the interval [ 1 0 n − 1 , 1 0 n ] , where n is a positive integer.
Evaluate n .
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Very nice approach!
What if we didn't stop at 9 ? Calculating this same thing, but to a bigger number:
H U G E = B I G × 1 0 times 1 0 ⋯ 1 0 × 1 1 times 1 1 ⋯ 1 1 × ( ⋯ ) × 9 9 times 9 9 ⋯ 9 9
Could we generalize the result for those new multipliers?
We can rewrite the number B I G into 9 ! ( 1 × 1 1 × ( ⋯ ) × 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ) .
Let's approximate every so-called group to a power of ten:
9 ! = 3 6 2 8 8 0 ≈ 3 . 6 3 × 1 0 5
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ∗ 1 1 = 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 ≈ 1 . 2 × 1 0 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ∗ 1 1 1 = 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 ≈ 1 . 2 × 1 0 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ∗ 1 1 1 1 = 1 2 3 4 4 4 4 3 2 1 ≈ 1 . 2 × 1 0 9 1 1 1 1 1 1 ∗ 1 1 1 1 1 = 1 2 3 4 5 5 4 3 2 1 ≈ 1 . 2 × 1 0 9
The product of all these five groups is ≈ 3 . 6 3 × ( 1 . 2 ) 4 × 1 0 4 1 ≈ 7 . 5 2 × 1 0 4 1 , thus belonging in the interval [ 1 0 4 1 , 1 0 4 2 ] , which means n = 4 2 .
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B I G = = = = = 1 × 2 2 × 3 3 3 × … × nine 9 ’s 9 … 9 ( 9 1 × 9 ) × ( 9 2 × 9 9 ) × ( 9 3 × 9 9 9 ) × … × ( nine 9 ’s 9 … 9 ) 9 9 9 ! ( 1 0 1 − 1 ) ( 1 0 2 − 1 ) ( 1 0 3 − 1 ) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ( 1 0 9 − 1 ) 9 8 8 ! 1 0 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 9 ( 1 − 1 0 1 1 ) ( 1 − 1 0 2 1 ) ( 1 − 1 0 3 1 ) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ( 1 − 1 0 9 1 ) 9 8 8 ! 1 0 4 5 ( 1 − 1 0 1 1 ) ( 1 − 1 0 2 1 ) ( 1 − 1 0 3 1 ) ⋅ ⋅ ⋅ ( 1 − 1 0 9 1 )
Because ( 1 − 1 0 1 1 ) = 0 . 9 , ( 1 − 1 0 2 1 ) = 0 . 9 9 , and the following terms ≈ 1 , the product of the nine terms is approximately 0 . 9 × 0 . 9 9
Continue:
B I G ≈ = = ≈ = 9 8 8 ! 1 0 4 5 ( 0 . 9 ) ( 0 . 9 9 ) 9 6 8 ! ⋅ 1 0 4 4 ⋅ 0 . 1 1 9 5 8 ! ⋅ 1 0 4 4 ⋅ 9 0 . 1 1 9 5 8 ! ⋅ 1 0 4 4 ⋅ 1 0 − 2 9 5 8 ! ⋅ 1 0 4 2
Because 2 1 < 9 5 8 ! < 1
B I G = 1 0 4 2 − α , for a certain fractional part 2 1 < α < 1
Thus, n = 4 2