Find the number of positive unequal integral solutions of the equation
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Relevant wiki: Generating Functions
WLOG let a < b < c < d Let b = a + α , c = a + α + β , d = a + α + β + γ for some α , β , γ ≥ 1
Now, we have to find positive integral solutions to the equation a + b + c + d = 2 0
Thus , we have to find number of solutions for
4 a + 3 α + 2 β + γ = 2 0 . where a , α , β , γ ≥ 1
This comes out to be 2 3 .
Now, we can permute a , b , c , d in 4 ! = 2 4 ways .Thus the answer is 2 3 × 2 4 = 5 5 2