An oblique elliptical cone has its apex at and its base is a circular disc that lies in the plane, with center at , and a radius of . Find the lateral surface area of the cone.
Note: Numerical integration may be the only way to tackle this problem.
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Let the apex be at point A . And the base is represented parametrically as b ( t ) = v 0 + v 1 cos t + v 2 sin t . In this problem A = ( 0 , 0 , 1 2 ) , v 0 = ( − 4 , 0 , 0 ) , v 1 = ( 4 , 0 , 0 ) , v 2 = ( 0 , 4 , 0 ) .
Then points on the lateral surface of the cone, are given by
p ( t , s ) = A + s ( b ( t ) − A ) = A + s ( v 0 − A + v 1 cos t + v 2 sin t ) where t ∈ [ 0 , 2 π ) and s ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] .
The surface area integral for such a parametrically defined surface is given by,
S = ∬ t , s ∣ p s × p t ∣ d t d s
where p s = ∂ s ∂ p , and p t = ∂ t ∂ p . Hence, we have,
p s = v 0 − A + v 1 cos t + v 2 sin t and p t = s ( − v 1 sin t + v 2 cos t ) . Their cross product is,
p s × p t = s ( − ( ( v 0 − A ) × v 1 ) sin t + ( ( v 0 − A ) × v 2 ) cos t + v 1 × v 2 )
Integrating with respect to s introduces a factor of 2 1 , and the integral reduces to the one-dimensional integral,
S = 2 1 ∫ 0 2 π ∣ − ( ( v 0 − A ) × v 1 ) sin t + ( ( v 0 − A ) × v 2 ) cos t + v 1 × v 2 ∣ d t
This integral can be evaluated numerically, and the final answer is S ≈ 1 6 2 . 5