Oblique Square Pyramid

Geometry Level 3

In square base A B C D ABCD , B D BD and A Q AQ intersect at P P with Q D = 1 \overline{QD} = 1 and the area

A A B P = A B 2 A_{\triangle{ABP}} = \dfrac{\overline{AB}}{2} .

Erect a normal at P P so that the height P R PR of the oblique square pyramid above is A B \overline{AB} .

Let S S be the lateral surface area of the above pyramid.

If S P R = α ϕ + β \dfrac{S}{\overline{PR}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\alpha}\phi} + \sqrt{\beta} , where α \alpha and β \beta are coprime positive integers and ϕ \phi is the

golden ratio, find α + β \alpha + \beta .


The answer is 8.

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1 solution

Rocco Dalto
Mar 4, 2020

I provided two solutions for the square base.

Solution using coordinate geometry:

For B D : y = a x BD: y = a - x and for A Q : y = 1 a x x = a 2 a + 1 AQ: y = \dfrac{1}{a}x \implies x = \dfrac{a^2}{a + 1} \implies

A A B P = a 3 2 ( a + 1 ) = a 2 A_{\triangle{ABP}} = \dfrac{a^3}{2(a + 1)} = \dfrac{a}{2} a ( a 2 a 1 ) = 0 a > 0 \implies a(a^2 - a - 1) = 0 \:\ a > 0 \implies

a = 1 + 5 2 = ϕ \boxed{a = \dfrac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2} = \phi} and P : ( 1 , ϕ 1 ) P:(1,\phi - 1) .

Solution using similar triangles:

Since vertical angles are congruent and A B C D AB \parallel CD \implies alternate interior angles are congruent A B P D P Q \implies \triangle{ABP} \sim \triangle{DPQ} \implies

a 1 = x a x x = a 2 a + 1 A A B P = a 3 2 ( a + 1 ) = a 2 \dfrac{a}{1} = \dfrac{x}{a - x} \implies x = \dfrac{a^2}{a + 1} \implies A_{\triangle{ABP}} = \dfrac{a^3}{2(a + 1)} = \dfrac{a}{2}

a ( a 2 a 1 ) = 0 a > 0 a = 1 + 5 2 = ϕ \implies a(a^2 - a - 1) = 0 \:\ a > 0 \implies \boxed{a = \dfrac{1 + \sqrt{5}}{2} = \phi} and P : ( 1 , ϕ 1 ) P:(1,\phi - 1) .

(Ignore the 1 1 in the diagram above. I have no idea how it got there.)

Using the above information and the diagram above P P 1 = P P 2 = ϕ 1 \implies \overline{PP_{1}} = \overline{PP_{2}} = \phi - 1 and P P 3 = P P 4 = 1 \overline{PP_{3}} = \overline{PP_{4}} = 1

\implies the slant heights s 1 = s 2 = ϕ 2 + ( ϕ 1 ) 2 = s_{1} = s_{2} = \sqrt{\phi^2 + (\phi - 1)^2} = ( 1 + 5 ) 2 4 + ( 5 1 ) 2 4 = 3 \sqrt{\dfrac{(1 + \sqrt{5})^2}{4} + \dfrac{(\sqrt{5} - 1)^2}{4}} = \sqrt{3}

and

s 3 = s 4 = 1 + ϕ 2 = 1 + ( 1 + 5 ) 2 4 = 10 + 2 5 4 = s_{3} = s_{4} = \sqrt{1 + \phi^2} = \sqrt{1 + \dfrac{(1 + \sqrt{5})^2}{4}} = \sqrt{\dfrac{10 + 2\sqrt{5}}{4}} = 5 + 5 2 = 5 ϕ \sqrt{\dfrac{5 + \sqrt{5}}{2}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{5}\phi}

\implies the lateral surface area S = ϕ ( 5 ϕ + 3 ) S = \phi(\sqrt{\sqrt{5}\phi} + \sqrt{3})

and the height P R = A B = ϕ S P R = 5 ϕ + 3 = α ϕ + β PR = \overline{AB} = \phi \implies \dfrac{S}{\overline{PR}} = \sqrt{\sqrt{5}\phi} + \sqrt{3} = \sqrt{\sqrt{\alpha}\phi} + \sqrt{\beta}

α + β = 8 \implies \alpha + \beta = \boxed{8} .

I got the answer in terms of the golden ratio as S P R = Φ 2 + ( Φ 1 ) 2 + 1 + Φ 2 \dfrac{S}{\overline {PR}}=\sqrt {Φ^2+(Φ-1)^2}+\sqrt {1+Φ^2} , and left it there!

A Former Brilliant Member - 1 year, 3 months ago

I would have liked to do that, but I needed a numerical answer for brillant.

Rocco Dalto - 1 year, 3 months ago

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