In square base A B C D , B D and A Q intersect at P with Q D = 1 and the area
A △ A B P = 2 A B .
Erect a normal at P so that the height P R of the oblique square pyramid above is A B .
Let S be the lateral surface area of the above pyramid.
If P R S = α ϕ + β , where α and β are coprime positive integers and ϕ is the
golden ratio, find α + β .
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I got the answer in terms of the golden ratio as P R S = Φ 2 + ( Φ − 1 ) 2 + 1 + Φ 2 , and left it there!
I would have liked to do that, but I needed a numerical answer for brillant.
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I provided two solutions for the square base.
Solution using coordinate geometry:
For B D : y = a − x and for A Q : y = a 1 x ⟹ x = a + 1 a 2 ⟹
A △ A B P = 2 ( a + 1 ) a 3 = 2 a ⟹ a ( a 2 − a − 1 ) = 0 a > 0 ⟹
a = 2 1 + 5 = ϕ and P : ( 1 , ϕ − 1 ) .
Solution using similar triangles:
Since vertical angles are congruent and A B ∥ C D ⟹ alternate interior angles are congruent ⟹ △ A B P ∼ △ D P Q ⟹
1 a = a − x x ⟹ x = a + 1 a 2 ⟹ A △ A B P = 2 ( a + 1 ) a 3 = 2 a
⟹ a ( a 2 − a − 1 ) = 0 a > 0 ⟹ a = 2 1 + 5 = ϕ and P : ( 1 , ϕ − 1 ) .
(Ignore the 1 in the diagram above. I have no idea how it got there.)
Using the above information and the diagram above ⟹ P P 1 = P P 2 = ϕ − 1 and P P 3 = P P 4 = 1
⟹ the slant heights s 1 = s 2 = ϕ 2 + ( ϕ − 1 ) 2 = 4 ( 1 + 5 ) 2 + 4 ( 5 − 1 ) 2 = 3
and
s 3 = s 4 = 1 + ϕ 2 = 1 + 4 ( 1 + 5 ) 2 = 4 1 0 + 2 5 = 2 5 + 5 = 5 ϕ
⟹ the lateral surface area S = ϕ ( 5 ϕ + 3 )
and the height P R = A B = ϕ ⟹ P R S = 5 ϕ + 3 = α ϕ + β
⟹ α + β = 8 .