In the figure above, circle
is tangential to circle
at
.
is perpendicular to
, intersecting at
. The length of
is three times the diameter of circle
. Radii
and
are drawn such that they are tangential to circle
. If
can be expressed in the form of
where
and
are coprime positive integers,
determine .
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Let R be the radius of circle A , and r be the radius of circle B . Since C D = 6 r , it follows that B D = 3 r . By Pythagorean Theorem, we can determine the length of the radius of circle A , which would be essential in determining ∠ F A E .
( B D ) 2 + ( A B ) 2 = ( A D ) 2
( 3 r ) 2 + ( R − r ) 2 = R 2
9 r 2 + R 2 − 2 R r + r 2 = R 2
1 0 r 2 = 2 R r
R = 5 r .
By establishing that, we now draw a segment from B to the point of tangency of A F . We let this point be P . We can now get θ = ∠ P A B . That is,
s i n ( θ ) = A B B P = R − r r
s i n ( θ ) = 4 1
Our objective is to get ∠ F A E , which is equal to 2 θ . Using the double angle identity for cosine, we get
c o s ( 2 θ ) = 1 − 2 s i n 2 ( θ )
c o s ( 2 θ ) = 1 − 2 ( 4 1 ) 2
c o s ( 2 θ ) = 1 − 8 1
c o s ( 2 θ ) = 8 7
And so we find ∠ F A E = c o s − 1 ( 8 7 ) .
using a = 7 and b = 8 , we find that a × b = 5 6