Find the remainder when k = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 k ( k ! ) is divided by 11.
Details :-
∙ k ! stands for factorial of k , that is k ! = k × ( k − 1 ) × ( k − 2 ) × . . . × 2 × 1
This is a part of the set 11≡ awesome (mod remainders)
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This would have been such a wonderful solution had you explained the first part which interprets this as a telescoping factorial series. Anyway, you get an upvote :)
i learn this formula today...and use it here!!!
Since k(k!) is divisible by 11 if k ≥ 1 1 ,
k = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 k ( k ! ) k = 1 ∑ 1 0 k ( k ! ) (mod 11) ≡ 1 0 × 1 0 ! + 9 × 9 ! + 8 × 8 ! + ⋯ + 3 × 3 ! + 2 × 2 ! + 1 × 1 ! (mod 11) ≡ 1 0 (mod 11)
Nice number theoretical solution!
Thats exactly what I did!!
k ( k ! ) = ( k + 1 − 1 ) ( k ! ) = ( k + 1 ) ! − ( k ! )
therefore, the given sum reduces to:
2 ! − 1 ! + 3 ! − 2 ! + 4 ! − 3 ! + . . . . . + 1 0 1 ! − 1 0 0 ! = 1 0 1 ! − 1
And since 1 0 1 ! is divisible by 1 1 , the remainder is − 1 . Remainders are positive by convention, so we find the positive remainder counterpart, which is 1 0
To offer a different solution... As 11| 11! + 12! +...+ 101! k = 1 ∑ 1 0 0 ( k + 1 ) ! ≡ ( 2 ! + 3 ! + . . . + 1 0 ! ) ≡ 1 0 m o d ( 1 1 ) (I used a calculator to find the remainder of the final sum)
dis cld be solvd simply
see frm 11
11! to lst term der wl be no remainder if we divide by 11.
nw for summ k
k! for 1 to 10 cab ve solvd as k*k! =k+1!-k!
.nw alternate trms are cancld nd we r left wid 11!-1! whch is 11 n-1 frm nd =s to
11(n-1)-10 nd wen divided by 11 gvs 10 as remaindr
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Consider k(k!)=(k+1)!-k!, the sum equals to 101!-1. Since 11 is a factor of 101!, the sum=(-1) (mod 11) = 10 (mod 11)