OMO (2)

Calculus Level 5

n = 1 1 1 + 1 2 + + 1 n ( n + 100 100 ) = p q \large \sum_{n=1}^{\infty} \frac{\frac{1}{1}+\frac{1}{2}+\dots+\frac{1}{n}}{\binom{n+100}{100}}=\frac{p}{q}

Given that the above is true for relatively prime positive integers p p and q q , what is p + q p+q ?

9901 9904 9903 9902 9905

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1 solution

Mark Hennings
May 14, 2018

Note that ( n + 100 100 ) 1 = n ! 100 ! ( n + 100 ) ! = Γ ( n + 1 ) Γ ( 101 ) Γ ( n + 101 ) = 100 B ( n + 1 , 100 ) = 100 0 1 x n ( 1 x ) 99 d x \binom{n+100}{100}^{-1} \; = \; \frac{n! 100!}{(n+100)!} \; = \; \frac{\Gamma(n+1)\Gamma(101)}{\Gamma(n+101)} \; =\; 100 B(n+1,100) \; = \; 100\int_0^1 x^n (1-x)^{99}\,dx and so, since n = 1 H n x n = ln ( 1 x ) 1 x x < 1 \sum_{n=1}^\infty H_n x^n \; = \; -\frac{\ln(1-x)}{1-x} \hspace{2cm} |x| < 1 we deduce that n = 1 H n ( n + 100 100 ) 1 = 100 0 1 ln ( 1 x ) ( 1 x ) 98 d x = 100 0 1 x 98 ln x d x = 100 9 9 2 \sum_{n=1}^\infty H_n \binom{n+100}{100}^{-1} \; = \; -100\int_0^1 \ln(1-x) (1-x)^{98}\,dx \; = \; -100\int_0^1 x^{98} \ln x\,dx \; = \; \frac{100}{99^2} after integration by parts. This makes the answer 9 9 2 + 100 = 9901 99^2 + 100 = \boxed{9901} .

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