Find P = ∏ ( 1 + ω ) 2 1
where the product is taken over all primitive 2 0 1 5 th roots of unity ω .
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write as ∏ ( − 1 − ω ) − 2 a polynomial can be written as p ( x ) = ∏ ( x − r o o t s ) . but what polynomial has roots ω ? . the cyclotomic polynomial . we know Φ n ( x ) = d ∣ n ∏ ( 1 − x n / d ) μ ( d ) putting 2015 =n and -1=x Φ 2 0 1 5 ( − 1 ) = ( 1 − ( − 1 ) ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 6 5 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 1 5 5 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 4 0 3 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 2 0 1 5 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 5 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 1 3 ) ( 1 − ( − 1 ) 3 1 ) = 1 this raised to -2 is also 1.
A clear and systematic solution! (+1)
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As ω runs through all primitive n th roots of unity (for odd n ), so does ω 2 . Thus ∏ ( 1 − ω ) = ∏ ( 1 − ω 2 ) = ∏ ( 1 − ω ) ∏ ( 1 + ω ) so ∏ ( 1 + ω ) = 1 . The square of the reciprocal is P = 1