On tap tonight...

Suppose that we have a row of 5 5 taps, all of which run into the same tank. Each tap fills the tank at a different rate, such that the n n th tap can fill the tank in n n hours.

Two taps, chosen at random, are turned on and allowed to fill the tank. The expected time, in hours, that it will take to fill the tank is a b \dfrac{a}{b} , where a a and b b are positive coprime integers. Find a b a - b .

Note: You may need a calculator for the last step of the problem.


The answer is 1423.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

If the two taps chosen can fill the tank in m m and n n hours, respectively, then together they can fill the tank at a rate of

1 m + 1 n = m + n m n \dfrac{1}{m} + \dfrac{1}{n} = \dfrac{m + n}{mn} "tanks" per hour.

The time taken to fill the tank is then the reciprocal of this expression, namely m n m + n \dfrac{mn}{m + n} hours.

Now there are ( 5 2 ) = 10 \binom{5}{2} = 10 possible combinations of 2 2 taps chosen from the 5 5 available. Since each of these combinations is equally likely, to find the expected time to fill the tank we just need to sum the 10 10 possible times and then divide the result by 10 10 . This gives us an expected time of

1 10 ( 2 3 + 3 4 + 4 5 + 5 6 + 6 5 + 8 6 + 10 7 + 12 7 + 15 8 + 20 9 ) = 6463 5040 \frac{1}{10}*(\frac{2}{3} + \frac{3}{4} + \frac{4}{5} + \frac{5}{6} + \frac{6}{5} + \frac{8}{6} + \frac{10}{7} + \frac{12}{7} + \frac{15}{8} + \frac{20}{9}) = \dfrac{6463}{5040} .

Thus a = 6463 , b = 5040 a = 6463, b = 5040 and a b = 1423 a - b = \boxed{1423} .

Adding the 10 fractions was a very big deal....

Vighnesh Raut - 6 years, 5 months ago

just tell me, expected value of tanks per hour is sum of expected values of tank per hour of induvidual taps.

So expected value of (1/answer)=2 expected value of (1/n)=2 (137/300)=137/150

So expected number of hours is 150/137?

Ajinkya Shivashankar - 4 years, 7 months ago

Ajinkya- you made the same mistake i did. You took the average of all rate pairs and converted it to time. The correct way is to calculate the time for each of the 10 pairs of rates and then take the average of those times.

Greg Grapsas - 4 years, 5 months ago

a b = 1434 a-b=1434 you mean

Michael Mendrin - 6 years, 9 months ago

Log in to reply

Thanks, Michael. :)

Brian Charlesworth - 6 years, 9 months ago

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...