One less = The number = One more?

Algebra Level 4

a 1 + b 1 = a + b = a + 1 + b + 1 \left| a-1 \right| +\left| b-1 \right| =\left| a \right| +\left| b \right| =\left| a+1 \right| +\left| b+1 \right|

Let a a and b b be distinct real numbers such that the above equation is satisfied.

Find the least possible value of a b \left| a-b \right| .

This problem is part of the set Hard Equations

0.5 1 2 \sqrt { 2 } 0.33 2 3

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
May 14, 2015

From the graph we see that:

{ For x 1 , x 1 x = 1 , x x + 1 = 1 For x 1 , x 1 x = 1 , x x + 1 = 1 \begin{cases} \text{For } x \le -1, & |x-1| - |x| = 1, & |x| - |x+1| = 1 \\ \text{For } x \ge 1, & |x-1| - |x| = -1, & |x| - |x+1| = -1 \end{cases}

This means that for any a 1 a \le -1 , any b 1 b \ge 1 , and for any a 1 a \ge 1 , any b 1 b \le -1 satisfies the equation:

a 1 + b 1 = a + b = a + 1 + b + 1 |a-1|+|b-1| = |a|+|b| = |a+1|+|b+1|

And the least value of |a-b| is when a = ± 1 a = \pm 1 and b = 1 b = \mp 1 .

a b m i n = 1 ( 1 ) = 1 1 = 2 |a-b|_{min} = |1-(-1)| = |-1-1| = \boxed{2}

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