In , what is the type of hybridization does the boron atom have?
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There is a useful formula for determining the hybridization of a molecule :
If the No. of hybrid orbitals is N , then,
N = 2 1 [ V e + U − ( c ) ]
where,
V e = No. of electrons in Valence Shell of Central Atom,
U = No. of Univalent Atoms around Central Atom,
c = Charge (If it is an Ion)
If N = 2 , 3 , 4 . . . then, hybridization is respectively s p , s p 2 , s p 3 . . . .
So, for B H 4 − ,
V e = 3 , U = 4 , c = − 1 ,
So, N = 2 1 [ 3 + 4 − ( − 1 ) ] = 2 1 × 8 = 4
∴ hybridization is s p 3 .