Given that x + x 1 = 1 , find the value of x 1 2 8 + x 1 2 8 1 .
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simplest solution at all !!!
Solving for x yields:
x + x 1 = 1 ⇒ x 2 − x + 1 = 0 ⇒ x = 2 1 ± 1 − 4 ( 1 ) ( 1 ) = 2 1 ± i 3 = e ± i 3 π .
Substituting these roots into the latter power expression gives:
e i 3 1 2 8 π + e − i 3 1 2 8 π = 2 c o s ( 3 1 2 8 π ) = 2 ( − 2 1 ) = − 1 .
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Note that ( x + x 1 ) 2 = x 2 + x 2 1 + 2 .
If x + x 1 = 1 then the equation x 2 n + ( x 1 ) 2 n = − 1 is valid for all integer n ≥ 1 .
− 1