Overpowered x x 's - 1

Algebra Level 2

Given that x + 1 x = 2 x+\dfrac { 1 }{ x } =2 , find the value of x 128 + 1 x 128 x^{ 128 }+\dfrac { 1 }{ x^{ 128 } } .


The answer is 2.

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4 solutions

Alex G
Apr 3, 2016

Note that ( x + 1 x ) 2 = x 2 + 1 x 2 + 2 \large {(x + \frac {1} {x})} ^ {2} = x^2 + \frac {1} {x^2} +2 .

If x + 1 x = 2 \large x+ \frac {1} {x} = 2 then the equation x 2 n + ( 1 x ) 2 n = 2 \large {x} ^ {{2} ^ {n}}+{(\frac {1} {x})} ^ {{2} ^ {n}}= 2 is valid for all integer n 0 n \geq 0 . The problem asks for n = 7 n = 7 , which is 2 2 .

Good solution! @Alex G :)

Mehul Arora - 5 years, 2 months ago

x + 1 x = 2 x 2 2 x + 1 = 0 ( x 1 ) 2 = 0 x = 1 x 128 + 1 x 128 = 2 \begin{aligned} x + \frac{1}{x} & = 2 \\ \Rightarrow x^2 - 2x + 1 & =0\\ (x-1)^2 & =0 \\ x & =1\\ \Rightarrow x^{128}+ \frac{1}{x^{128}}&= \boxed {2} \end{aligned}

Let y = x 128 y={ x }^{ 128 } . Then, x 128 + 1 x 128 = y + 1 y = 2 { x }^{ 128 }+\frac { 1 }{ { x }^{ 128 } } =y+\frac { 1 }{ y } =2 .

Wrong solution.

Krutarth Patel - 6 months ago
Sam Bealing
Apr 3, 2016

x + 1 x 2 x+\frac{1}{x} \geq 2 by AM-GM with equality iff x = 1 x=1 so we have that x + 1 x = 2 x = 1 x 128 + 1 x 128 = 2 x+\frac{1}{x}=2 \Rightarrow x=1 \Rightarrow x^{128}+ \frac{1}{x^{128}} =2

Your solution works only if x x is positive and real, neither of which is given in the question.

Krutarth Patel - 6 months ago

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