A palindromic number is a number that reads the same when its digits are reversed, e.g. 1623261.
What is the largest palindromic 8-digit number which is exactly divisible by 45?
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at first sight we clearly find out that since the number is divisible by 45 it must be divisible by 9 and 5 both. since it is divisible by 5 it will have unit digit 5 or 0 , not 0 because it is palindromic and if it would be 0 then the palindrome of it would start with first digit as 0 , so the unit digit is 5 and because it is a palindrome first digit would also be 5 to be read same from both sides. now, l e t u s t a k e t h e n u m b e r t o b e k k = 5 a b c c b a 5 9 ∣ k s o , 9 ∣ ( 5 + a + b + c + a + b + c + 5 ) 9 ∣ 1 0 + 2 ( a + b + c ) l e t , 2 ( a + b + c ) = m 1 0 ≡ 1 ( m o d 9 ) m + 1 0 ≡ 9 ( m o d 9 ) s u b t r a c t i n g w e g e t ; 2 ( a + b + c ) ≡ 8 ( m o d 9 ) m = 9 k + 8 n o w w e h a v e t o d e t e r m i n e l a r g e s t p o s s i b l e o f " m " . m m a y b e e q u a l t o N = ( 8 , 1 7 , 2 6 , 3 5 , 4 4 , 5 3 , 6 2 . . . . . . ) b u t s i n c e m i s e v e n 1 7 , 3 5 , 5 3 a r e n o t p o s s i b l e i f m = 6 2 t h e n a + b + c = 3 1 w h i c h i s n o t p o s s i b l e a s a , b , c a r e d i g i t s f r o m 1 t o 9 s o 6 2 a n d o n w a r d s a r e n o t t h e v a l u e s o f m s o , n g e t s m o d i f i e d t o : N = ( 8 , 2 6 , 4 4 ) l e t u s t a k e t h e l a r g e s t o f s e t N t h e n m = 4 4 a + b + c = 2 2 n o w b e c a u s e a i s b e f o r e b f o r h a v i n g g r e a t e s t v a l u e o f t h i s 8 d i g i t n u m b e r a > = b > = c t a k i n g l a r g e s t v a l u e o f a = b = 9 w e g e t c = 4 a n d t h e n u m b e r k = 5 9 9 4 4 9 9 5
You could also abuse the fact that since this palindrome is 8-digit, you can just look at the first four digits, because the other four will be a mirror image, and the properties will all transfer (so you must just find the largest 4-digit multiple of 9 starting with 5)! :)
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A number is divisible by 45 = 9 5 if and only if it is divisible by both 5 and 9. If our palindromic number is divisible by 5, it must end in a 5, and hence also starts with a 5. Next, for it to be divisible by 9, the sum of the digits of the number must be divisible by 9. The largest palindromic 8-digit number that starts with a 5 and has digit sum divisible by 9 equals 59944995.