Parallel lines

Geometry Level 3

The two green lines are parallel. The two red segments are equal and the two purple segments are equal too. The blue angle is 90 ° 90° .

How big is the black angle:

15° Can't be determined 30° 7.5° 22.5°

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2 solutions

B C D = 45 + 90 = 13 5 \angle BCD=45+90=135^\circ

Let A C = C D = 1 AC=CD=1 . Then by pythagorean theorem , A D = B D = 2 AD=BD=\sqrt{2} .

Apply cosine law on B C D \triangle BCD .

( 2 ) 2 = ( B C ) 2 + 1 2 2 ( B C ) ( 1 ) ( cos 135 ) (\sqrt{2})^2=(BC)^2+1^2-2(BC)(1)(\cos~135) \implies ( B C ) 2 + 2 B C 1 = 0 (BC)^2+\sqrt{2}BC-1=0

By the quadratic formula , B C = 2 + 6 2 BC=\dfrac{-\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}}{2}

Apply again cosine law on B C D \triangle BCD .

( 2 2 + 6 2 ) 2 = 1 2 + ( 2 ) 2 2 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( cos x ) \left(\dfrac{-2\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{6}}{2}\right)^2=1^2+(\sqrt{2})^2-2(1)(\sqrt{2})(\cos~x)

After calculation, we get

x = 1 5 \color{#D61F06}\large \boxed{x=15^\circ}

Áron Bán-Szabó
Jul 11, 2017

We drop perpendiculars from C C and D D to A B AB . The E C D F ECDF is a rectangle, so C E = D F CE=DF . Since C A B = 45 ° , D F = C E = A E = E B \angle CAB=45°, DF=CE=AE=EB . From that D B = A B = 2 E B DB=AB=2*EB and D F = 1 2 D B DF=\dfrac{1}{2}DB . Since D F E = 90 ° , D B F = 30 ° \angle DFE=90°, \angle DBF=30° . Therefore C B D = C B E D B F = 45 ° 30 ° = 15 ° \angle CBD=\angle CBE-\angle DBF=45°-30°=\boxed{15°}

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