The two green lines are parallel. The two red segments are equal and the two purple segments are equal too. The blue angle is
9
0
°
.
How big is the black angle:
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We drop perpendiculars from C and D to A B . The E C D F is a rectangle, so C E = D F . Since ∠ C A B = 4 5 ° , D F = C E = A E = E B . From that D B = A B = 2 ∗ E B and D F = 2 1 D B . Since ∠ D F E = 9 0 ° , ∠ D B F = 3 0 ° . Therefore ∠ C B D = ∠ C B E − ∠ D B F = 4 5 ° − 3 0 ° = 1 5 °
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Let A C = C D = 1 . Then by pythagorean theorem , A D = B D = 2 .
Apply cosine law on △ B C D .
( 2 ) 2 = ( B C ) 2 + 1 2 − 2 ( B C ) ( 1 ) ( cos 1 3 5 ) ⟹ ( B C ) 2 + 2 B C − 1 = 0
By the quadratic formula , B C = 2 − 2 + 6
Apply again cosine law on △ B C D .
( 2 − 2 2 + 6 ) 2 = 1 2 + ( 2 ) 2 − 2 ( 1 ) ( 2 ) ( cos x )
After calculation, we get
x = 1 5 ∘