Parallel Resonance

An R L C RLC circuit is excited by an A C AC voltage source V S ( t ) V_S(t) . At time t = 0 t = 0 , the inductor and capacitor are de-energized. Let V C ( t ) V_C(t) be the voltage across the capacitor.

Determine the following integral:

0 ( V S ( t ) V C ( t ) ) d t \int_0^\infty \Big(V_S(t) - V_C(t) \Big) \, dt

Details and Assumptions:
1) R = L = C = 1 R = L = C = 1
2) V S ( t ) = sin ( t ) V_S(t) = \sin(t)
3) All quantities are in standard S I SI units


The answer is 1.0.

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1 solution

Karan Chatrath
Dec 21, 2020

Current through the resistor is I R I_R , through the inductor is I L I_L and through the capacitor is I C I_C . Charge on the capacitor is Q Q . CIrcuit equations:

I R + I ˙ L = sin t I_R + \dot{I}_L = \sin{t} I R = I L + I C I_R =I_L+I_C I ˙ L = Q \dot{I}_L = Q Q ˙ = I C \dot{Q} = I_C V C = Q V_C = Q

Converting all equations to Laplace domain and solving for V C ( s ) V_C(s) gives:

V C ( s ) = s ( s 2 + 1 ) ( s 2 + s + 1 ) V_C(s) = \frac{s}{(s^2+1)(s^2+s+1)}

Inverse Laplace transform (steps left out) gives:

V C ( t ) = sin t 2 e t / 2 3 sin ( t 3 2 ) V S ( t ) V C ( t ) = 2 e t / 2 3 sin ( t 3 2 ) V_C(t) = \sin{t} - \frac{2\mathrm{e}^{-t/2}}{\sqrt{3}} \sin\left(\frac{t\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)\implies V_S(t) - V_C(t) = \frac{2\mathrm{e}^{-t/2}}{\sqrt{3}} \sin\left(\frac{t\sqrt{3}}{2}\right)

0 2 e t / 2 3 sin ( t 3 2 ) d t = 1 \implies \int_{0}^{\infty} \frac{2\mathrm{e}^{-t/2}}{\sqrt{3}} \sin\left(\frac{t\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) \, dt = \boxed{1}

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