N = n → 1 3 3 7 lim θ = 1 ∑ n cos ( θ ) ∘ cos ( θ − 1 ) ∘ 1 What is the sum of the first six digits in the decimal representation of N ?
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The limit does not actually exist, because the term cos θ ∘ cos ( θ + 1 ) ∘ 1 is not defined for θ = 8 9 , among other values. The denominator of 0 cannot be "telescoped" away.
I really think this question should be asking for ⌊ N ⌋ instead of the sum of the first six digits of N .
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Guys!? I think there's no solution in this problem like what Jon stated.
Shouldn't it be cos ( i + 1 ) ∘ in the denominator? I was getting 3 4 .
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We have two angles separated by 1 ∘ in the denominator, so this might be helpful.
n → 1 3 3 7 lim i = 1 ∑ n cos i ∘ × cos ( i − 1 ) ∘ 1 = n → 1 3 3 7 lim i = 1 ∑ n cos i ∘ × cos ( i − 1 ) ∘ × sin 1 ∘ sin 1 ∘
Let's take a look at a way to decompose this fraction by recalling a familiar identity.
tan x − tan y = cos x sin x − cos y sin y = cos x cos y sin x × cos y − sin y × cos x = cos x cos y sin ( x − y )
In the problem, x = i ∘ and y = ( i − 1 ) ∘ , so we get this.
cos x ∘ cos y ∘ sin ( x − y ) ∘ = cos i ∘ cos ( i − 1 ) ∘ sin ( i − ( i − 1 ) ) ∘ = cos i ∘ cos ( i − 1 ) ∘ sin 1 ∘
So the sum is equal to this. n → 1 3 3 7 lim i = 1 ∑ n cos i ∘ × cos ( i − 1 ) ∘ × sin 1 ∘ sin 1 ∘ = n → 1 3 3 7 lim i = 1 ∑ n sin 1 ∘ tan i ∘ − tan ( i − 1 ) ∘
Obviously, this telescopes, so the final answer is equal to this.
sin 1 ∘ tan 1 3 3 7 ∘ − tan 0 ∘ = sin 1 ∘ tan 1 3 3 7 ∘ = sin 1 ∘ tan 7 7 ∘ = 2 4 8 . 1 8 7 …
The final answer is 2 + 4 + 8 + 1 + 8 + 7 = 3 0