Strange Car

Calculus Level 4

A strange car has its acceleration modeled after an inverted parabola. Starting with an initial acceleration of 6 m/s 2 6 \text{m/s}^2 , its acceleration increases to a maximum of 30 m/s 2 30 \text{ m/s}^2 after six seconds before it decreases. What is the total distance in kilometres (in three decimal places), the car must travel from rest to reach its top speed?


The answer is 1.772.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Dec 25, 2018

Let the acceleration of the strange car be a ( t ) a(t) , then

a ( t ) = 30 k ( t 6 ) 2 where k is a constant. a ( 0 ) = 30 k ( 6 ) 2 = 6 Given that a ( 0 ) = 6 m/s 2 k = 24 36 = 2 3 a ( t ) = 30 2 3 ( t 6 ) 2 a ( t ) = 0 when t = 45 + 6 s = 6 + 8 t 2 3 t 2 \begin{aligned} a(t) & = 30 - k(t-6)^2 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{where }k \text{ is a constant.} \\ a(0) & = 30 - k(-6)^2 = 6 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Given that } a(0) = 6 \text{m/s}^2 \\ \implies k & = \frac {24}{36} = \frac 23 \\ \implies a(t) & = 30 - \frac 23 (t-6)^2 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \implies a(t) = 0 \text{ when }t = \sqrt{45} + 6 \text{ s} \\ & = 6 + 8t - \frac 23 t^2 \end{aligned}

Now speed v ( t ) v(t) and displacement s ( t ) s(t) of the strange car is given as follows:

v ( t ) = a ( t ) d t = 6 t + 4 t 2 2 9 t 3 Since v ( 0 ) = 0 s ( t ) = v ( t ) d t = 3 t 2 + 4 3 t 3 1 18 t 4 Since s ( 0 ) = 0 \begin{aligned} v(t) & = \int a(t) \ dt = 6t + 4t^2 - \frac 29 t^3 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Since }v(0) = 0 \\ s(t) & = \int v(t) \ dt = 3t^2 + \frac 43 t^3 - \frac 1{18} t^4 & \small \color{#3D99F6} \text{Since }s(0) = 0 \end{aligned}

v ( t ) v(t) is maximum when a ( t ) = 0 a(t) = 0 or t = 45 + 6 t = \sqrt {45} + 6 seconds, then the distance traveled by the strange car is s ( 45 + 6 ) 1.772 s(\sqrt{45} +6) \approx \boxed{1.772} .

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