Perhaps apply sum of perfect powers?

Algebra Level 4

a 2 a 4 a 2 + 1 = 4 37 a 3 a 6 a 3 + 1 = m n m + n = ? \large \begin{aligned} \dfrac{a^2}{a^4-a^2+1} &= \dfrac{4}{37}\\ \dfrac{a^3}{a^6-a^3+1} &= \dfrac{m}{n}\\ m+n &= \;? \end{aligned}

Evaluate the above if a > 0 a>0 .


The answer is 259.

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1 solution

Sharky Kesa
Oct 26, 2017

Taking the reciprocal of the first line yields a 4 a 2 + 1 a 2 = a 2 1 + 1 a 2 = 37 4 \dfrac{a^4-a^2+1}{a^2} = a^2 - 1 + \dfrac{1}{a^2} = \frac{37}{4} . Adding three to both sides and completing the square yields ( a + 1 a ) 2 = 49 4 \left (a+ \dfrac{1}{a} \right )^2 = \dfrac{49}{4} , so a + 1 a = 7 2 a+\dfrac{1}{a} = \dfrac{7}{2} .

Cubing this expression gives us a 3 + 3 a + 3 a + 1 a 3 = 343 8 a^3+3a+\dfrac{3}{a} + \dfrac{1}{a^3} = \dfrac{343}{8} . From before, we calculate that 3 a + 3 a = 84 8 3a + \dfrac{3}{a} = \dfrac{84}{8} , so a 3 + 1 a 3 = 259 8 a^3+\frac{1}{a^3} = \frac{259}{8} . Subtracting 1 from both sides and reciprocating yields a 3 a 6 a 3 + 1 = 8 251 \dfrac{a^3}{a^6-a^3+1} = \dfrac{8}{251} , so m = 8 , n = 251 m=8, n=251 . Thus, m + n = 259 m+n=259 .

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